Study of Various General-Purpose Technologies and Their Comparison Towards Developing Sustainable Society

Abstract

Technology is used in many ways to solve many complicated challenges in the society. Certain technologies have grown and expanded their branches to many areas and sectors of practice in such a way that they have been designated as General-Purpose Technologies. General Purpose Technologies’ (GPT) are characterized by pervasiveness where they have an inherent potential for technical improvements, and innovation complementarities, meaning that the productivity through research and development in related sectors increases due to the consequence of innovative applications through such general-purpose technologies. Thus, as general-purpose technologies progress, they spread throughout the economy, eventually bringing about generalized productivity gains. Examples include the steam engine, railroad, interchangeable parts, electricity, electronics, materialhandling, mechanization, control theory (automation), the automobile, the computer, the Internet, and nanotechnology. In this paper, we have identified, analysed, and compared Information Communication and Computation Technology (ICCT), and Nanotechnology (NT) as two most important general-purpose technologies due to their abilities to solve both basic problems and advanced need of the society. The paper also contains a conceptual and predictive proposal on how various general-purpose technologies including ICCT and NT are potentially contributing towards creating a techno-society and based on further progress and spread of such technologies to every dimension of human life to reach the ultimate level of civilization in or around this earth. The analysis finally leads to the development of the concept of ‘Universal Technology’ model.

Formation of the Rational Socio-Economic Worldview Based on the Laws of Nature and Society

“…In contrast to the aforementioned, religious, subjective-dogmatic theoretical, political, methodological provisions developed by the classics of Marxism-Leninism and post-industrialism, and false basic goals, principles, criteria and indicators of indirect labor assessment aimed at achieving interests, the growth of the needs predominantly of the elite of society and currently enshrined in Russian legislation are factors increasing contradictions and great losses in the country. Hence, their use only distorts the idea of the real state of affairs and forms a perverted worldview among the country's population (Aithal and Aithal, 2018;Schwab, 2016;Tikhonova, 2017;Zhan et al, 2019).…”

“…The formation of an individual, correlative, group, collective, and emission worldview in society is determined by a combination of certain factors. A generalization of the scientific and practical experience accumulated in this respect allowed singling out the most significant of them: the initial model of the life of society -"Tyrant-Victim" or "Every person is the master of his life" (Legoshina, 2017;Rassokhin, 2020;Sinelnikov, 2017Sinelnikov, , 2018Shmelev, 2015); adequacy or inadequacy of theories, methodologies and practices to the objective laws of the development of social reproduction in nature (Hobbes, 2019;Shvaiba, 2019); the nature and focus of production and superstructure relations in the life of society according to the identified models; the influence of religions, customs, traditions; conditions and principles of personal education; the quality of the system of general and vocational education in the country; the quality of general and professional training of personnel of all categories providing levels of knowledge of nature and societyfragmented (selective), logical (linear), structuralfunctional (planar), system-integral (comprehensive, extensional) (Aithal and Aithal, 2018;Tikhonova, 2017;Zhan, Deng, Huang, Wang, and Zheng, 2019); government-directed ideology and socio-economic policies in the country; level of socio-economic stratification of the population; the responsibility of the ruling elite for excessive distortions in incomes and living conditions of the population; the level of development of industrial and social culture in society; working, living and leisure conditions of the population -the quality of life of the country's population.…”

Advances and New Research Opportunities in Quantum Computing Technology by Integrating it with Other ICCT Underlying Technologies

“…They continue to redefine industries, improve efficiency, and enhance the way we interact with technology in our daily lives (Aithal, P. S. et al (2018). [7]).…”

A Survey of Data Analytical Techniques on Commodity Price Prediction for Smart Agricultural System

“…The growers' biggest problem is the fluctuating price of these commodities. Despite the existence of numerous online platforms like commodities online that provide information on the pricing of areca nuts from different regions and taluks, The use of data analytics to forecast areca nut prices in Karnataka has not received much attention from researchers or practitioners [9]. The price prediction algorithm takes into account the agricultural crop price statistics from the Dakshin Kannada District in Karnataka, India.…”