Study of vitamin D deficiency prevalence in acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

BackgroundDeficiency of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] is a treatable condition that has been associated with coronary artery disease and many of its risk factors. A practical time to assess for 25(OH)D deficiency, and to initiate treatment, is at the time of an acute myocardial infarction(AMI). The prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency and the characteristics associated with it in patients with acute myocardial infarction are unknown.MethodsIn this study 25(OH)D was assessed in 314 subjects enrolled in a Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Research(SJICS&R). Patients enrolled from December 1, 2011 to February 28, 2012 had serum samples sent to a centralized laboratory for analysis using the ELECYS assay. Normal 25(OH)D levels are ≥ 30 ng/ml, and patients with levels < 30 and > 20 ng/ml were classified as insufficient and those with levels ≤ 20 ng/ml as deficient. Vitamin D and other baseline characteristics were analyzed with T-test and chi-squared test.ResultsOf the 314 enrolled patents, 212 (67.5%) were 25(OH)D deficient and 50(16%) were insufficient, for a total of 83.5% of patients with abnormally low 25(OH)D levels. No significant heterogeneity was observed among age or gender sub groups but 25(OH)D deficiency was more commonly seen in those with lower socioeconomic status, lower activity levels, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia(LDL), hypertriglyceridemia and in smokers.ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is present in most of the patients with acute myocardial infarction and it is associated with many of its risk factors in our study.

Vitamin D and its effects on cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review

“…Vitamin D is also now considered a prognostic factor for acute myocardial infarction and CAD [32,35-37]. In addition, Jablonski et al [38] found endothelial dysfunction in adults with low 25(OH)D 3 , as opposed to patients with normal levels, through the measurement of nuclear factor-κB (0.59 ± 0.07 vs. 0.44 ± 0.05, p < 0.05) and other pro-inflammatory cytokines in endothelial cells.…”

Study of Vitamin D Levels in Patients of Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…In this study P<0.05 was found demonstrating significant association of Vitamin D levels and AMI. 18 Taking Vitamin D level ≤20 ng/ml as deficient, Odds ratio of vitamin D was calculated in cases compared to controls and adjusted with other risk factors as co varieties. The adjusted odd ratio (AOR) was 3.034 & its 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was 1.119-8.225.…”

Study of Serum Vitamin D Level in Ischaemic Heart Disease - A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Normal 25(OH) D levels are 30 ng/ml, and patients with levels <30 and >20 ng/ml were classified as in sufficient and those levels with 20 ng/ml as deficient. 1…”

“…There is need for further investigations to know the other non-traditional risk factors. 1 The common non-traditional risk factors are persons living in high altitudes, decreased sun exposure, dark skinned people.…”