Study on Application of Static Magnetic Field for Adjuvant Arthritis Rats

Abstract

In order to examine the effectiveness of the application of static magnetic field (SMF) on pain relief, we performed a study on rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA). Sixty female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (age: 6 weeks, body weight: approximately 160 g) were divided into three groups [SMF-treated AA rats (Group I), non-SMF-treated AA rats (Group II) and control rats (Group III)]. The SD rats were injected in the left hind leg with 0.6 mg/0.05 ml Mycobacterium butyrium to induce AA. The rats were bred for 6 months as chronic pain model. Thereafter, the AA rats were or were not exposed to SMF for 12 weeks. We assessed the changes in the tail surface temperature, locomotor activity, serum inflammatory marker and bone mineral density (BMD) using thermography, a metabolism measuring system and the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method, respectively. The tail surface temperature, locomotor activity and femoral BMD of the SMF-exposed AA rats were significantly higher than those of the non-SMF-exposed AA rats, and the serum inflammatory marker was significantly lower. These findings suggest that the pain relief effects are primarily due to the increased blood circulation caused by the rise in the tail surface temperature. Moreover, the pain relief effects increased with activity and BMD of the AA rats.

Exposure to a moderate intensity static magnetic field enhances the hypotensive effect of a calcium channel blocker in spontaneously hypertensive rats

“…In the past decade, there is substantial and growing evidence that the moderate intensity SMF can influence physiological processes such as pain [Takeshige and Sato, 1996;Vallbona et al, 1997;Holcomb et al, 2000;Brown et al, 2002;Hinman, 2002;Weintraub et al, 2003;Harlow et al, 2004;Panagos et al, 2004;Wolsko et al, 2004], bone repair and formation [Darendeliler et al, 1997;Yan et al, 1998;Xu et al, 2001;Yamamoto et al, 2003], inflammation and wound healing [Man et al, 1999;Alfano et al, 2001;Segal et al, 2001;Rogachefsky et al, 2004;Taniguchi et al, 2004], evocation of epileptiform activity [Fuller et al, 1995;Dobson et al, 2000], anticonvulsant effects [McLean et al, 2003], enhanced chemotherapy [Gray et al, 2000], central nervous system function [Veliks et al, 2004], channel currents [Rosen, 1996[Rosen, , 2003aCoots et al, 2004], action potential generation McLean et al, 1995;Trabulsi et al, 1996;Wieraszko, 2000, Ye et al, 2004, ATPase activity [Itegin et al, 1995;Danielyan et al, 1999], cell shape and plasma membrane alterations [Chionna et al, 2003[Chionna et al, , 2005Dini and Abbro, 2005;Pagliara et al, 2005], cell growth and gene expression …”

On the nonintegrability of magnetic field lines

“…From (8) we deduce that f must be divisible by (x 2 + 1) and we arrive to a contradiction. Case 2: g is divisible by y.…”

“…Magnetic fields created by current flows appear in several branches of sciences such as electrical engineering [5], spectroscopy [11], medicine [8]. In order to define a magnetic field mathematically consider a smooth curve L ⊂ R 3 , parameterized by the map l : I τ → l(τ ) ∈ R 3 , where I ⊂ R is an interval, L represents the electric wire and J is the current intensity associated with it.…”

Evaluation of SMF Exposure Field Levels and Gradients Obtainable Using the 2d Magnetic Arrays

“…Static magnetic fields (SMF) of low and moderate intensity are shown to have mainly beneficial effects, based on empirical and collected experimental data. Observed therapeutic effects include those related to treating arthritis [1], healing bone fractures [2], and improving microcirculation [3]. Mechanisms of action of SMFs are not yet fully understood.…”