Study on compositions of FCC flue gas and pollutant precursors from FCC catalysts

Luan, Hui; Lin, Jueying; Xiu, Guangli; Ju, Feng; Ling, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125528

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nitrogen is typically present in the form of substituted polyaromatic compounds such as pyrroles (= C-NH 2 ), pyridines (-C-NC =) or anilines (= C-NH 2 ). Elemental analysis of Luan et al [34] found that sulphur, present in the form of thiophene and thiols, is also a major component of coke. All these studies confirmed the complexity of coke in terms of structure and composition.…”

Section: Fcc Regenerator 21 Regenerator Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also common practice that nitrogen and sulphur are considered negligible since their molar composition is small compared to both hydrogen and carbon [1,32,36,37]. However, recent results from FT/IR elemental analysis by Luan et al [34] may question the validity of this assumption as they have found spent catalyst to have a composition of 0.82 wt% carbon, 0.32% nitrogen, 0.71 wt% hydrogen and 0.76% sulphur, from analysis of flue gas emissions of the regenerator. These emission results show that both sulphur and nitrogen may be significant for some feeds and need to be included in the model description of coke.…”

Section: Fcc Regenerator 21 Regenerator Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heavy petroleum industries, including the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) unit, are among some of the biggest contributors to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The FCC unit’s regenerator is where these emissions originate mostly, meaning the operation of FCC regenerators has come under scrutiny in recent years due to the global mitigation efforts against climate change, affecting both current operations and the future of the FCC unit. As a result, it is more important than ever to develop models that are accurate and reliable at predicting emissions of various greenhouse gases to keep up with new reporting guidelines that will help optimise the unit for increased coke conversion and lower operating costs. Part 1 of this paper was dedicated to reviewing the riser section of the FCC unit. Part 2 reviews traditional modelling methodologies used in modelling and simulating the FCC regenerator. Hydrodynamics and kinetics of the regenerator are discussed in terms of experimental data and modelling. Modelling of constitutive parts that are important to the FCC unit, such as gas–solid cyclones and catalyst transport lines, are also considered. This review then identifies areas where the current generation of models of the regenerator can be improved for the future. Parts 1 and 2 are such that a comprehensive review of the literature on modelling the FCC unit is presented, showing the guidance and framework followed in building models for the unit.

show abstract

Section: Fcc Regenerator 21 Regenerator Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fcc Regenerator 21 Regenerator Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…FTIR method could avoid the effect of CO and water vapor with high concentration, and are applicable for the complex compositions ue gas (Luan et al, 2020). In order to nd out the emissions of FCC regenerated pollutants, such as whether the pollutant concentration exceeds the limitation, whether the online monitoring data is accurate and whether there are unknown pollutants, the on-site monitoring of typical FCC unit regenerated ue gas was carried out by using the FTIR method.…”

Section: Ftir Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ion chromatographic analysis of the condensate water generated during the condensation process of the ue gas con rmed our conjecture later. Detailed studies have been described in our previous works (Luan et al, 2020). In addition, some catalytic regeneration process uses two stages of incomplete regeneration, and there is no supporting construction of CO boiler, resulting in the presence of a large amount of other pollutants such as HCN, NH 3 , CO and VOCs in the ue gas.…”

Section: So 2 and No X Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study on emission factors of FCC flue gas pollutants in petroleum refineries

Luan

Xiu

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fluid Catalytic cracking (FCC) unit is one of the means to lighten heavy oil in re neries, and its regenerated ue gas is also the main source of air pollutants from re nery. However, it is not clear about the type and amount of pollutants discharged from FCC units. The emissions of regenerated pollutants in the stack ue gases of three typical FCC units in China were investigated in this study, including a partial regeneration unit without a CO boiler (U1), a partial regeneration unit with a CO boiler (U2) and a full regeneration unit (U3). Different monitoring methods were used to analyze the concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and the results showed that Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) monitoring results of SO 2 and NO x are approximately 10 times and 5 times larger than that of the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) data, respectively. Also, the contents of characteristic pollutants such as NH 3 , C 6 H 6 , HCN, C 8 H 8 , C 2 H 4 , CH 4 and CO were also monitored by FTIR, and the emission factors based on coke burn-off rate and throughput were investigated. The pollutants in U1 exhibited relatively higher contents with the NH 3 , HCN and C 6 H 6 of 116.99, 71.94 and 56.41 mg/Nm 3 in ue gas, respectively. The emission of regenerated pollutants in U2 and U3 are signi cantly different from U1. Regeneration processes (including coke properties, operating modes and presence or absence of CO boilers) affected pollutants emission factors in varying degree. At last, reasonable emission factors based on the different FCC regeneration processes contributes to the prediction, assessment and control for the pollutants emission.

show abstract

Influence of wet flue gas desulfurization on the pollutants monitoring in FCC flue gas

Luan

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Study on compositions of FCC flue gas and pollutant precursors from FCC catalysts

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

A Review of Modelling of the FCC Unit—Part II: The Regenerator

Study on emission factors of FCC flue gas pollutants in petroleum refineries

Influence of wet flue gas desulfurization on the pollutants monitoring in FCC flue gas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About