Study on Effect of Urine as Fertiliser through Vegetables Production in Bangladesh

Chowdhury, Masudul Hoq; Islam, Mohammad Tarequl

doi:10.1177/1018529120080208

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Source separated urine has been found to be a safe and efficient fertiliser for many crops and vegetables and has been studied in many different contexts since the late 1990s (Kirchmann and Pettersson, 1995;WHO, 2006;Heinonen-Tanski et al, 2007;Mnkeni et al, 2007;Pradhan et al, 2007;Chowdhury and Islam, 2008;Viskari et al, 2009;Pradhan, 2010). However, in Finland and in many other European countries, urine is not accepted as a fertiliser, and there are many institutional constraints in its use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Recovery With Source Separation of Human Urine—Preliminary Results of Its Fertiliser Potential and Use in Agriculture

Viskari

Grobler

Karimäki

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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The growing demand for food and the increasing costs of cultivation are posing a challenge for agriculture. Diminishing phosphorus reserves, as well as the energy intensive method of producing nitrogen fertilisers are drivers for more intensive reuse of different organic fertilisers, such as manures and excreta. Source separation and fertilisation with human urine can be one option for nutrient reuse. Urine contains all the main nutrients as well as micronutrients in soluble form, but it also contains chemicals, like pharmaceuticals and hormones. The aim of this study was to examine the efficiency and safety of the use of source separated human urine as a fertiliser for barley (Hordeum vulgare). The fertiliser efficiency of source-separated urine was examined in field-scale experiments for the first time in Finland. Two separate cultivation experiments in two fields and barley varieties were conducted. The efficiency of urine as a fertiliser was compared to corresponding amount of mineral fertiliser. No fertiliser was applied to one plot in order to create a reference treatment. The two experiments were conducted using variety Wolmari with 54 kg N ha −1 and variety Harbinger with 100 kg N ha −1. The barley grain and straw yield grown with urine fertiliser was equivalent to the yield in mineral fertilised plots. The growth of barley in both fertiliser treatments was slightly faster, compared to non-fertilised treatment. There were no significant differences between the treatments in terms of protein content of the grain although the results varied in terms of the thousand grain weight (TGW) and germination. The urine analyses indicated that there were no pathogen indicators, nor heavy metal concentrations, exceeding the limit values set by legislation. The main nutrient concentrations (N, P, K) would also meet the requirements for a fertiliser product according to Finnish legislation. Pharmaceuticals and hormones were found from the urine, but apart from progesterone, all of them presented extractable values in soil below the detection limits, and they were not detected in measurable amounts in barley grain at the end of the growing season. These results suggest that source separated urine could be an efficient fertiliser in crop cultivation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Recovery With Source Separation of Human Urine—Preliminary Results of Its Fertiliser Potential and Use in Agriculture

Viskari

Grobler

Karimäki

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Qualitative Analysis of Nitrogen Flows within Farms in Darusa, Bangladesh

Islam,

Iqbal,

Nayak

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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To understand potential sources and losses of nitrogen from farming systems in Darusa, Bangladesh, a detailed survey of farming practices was conducted. A total of 100 households were randomly selected using demographic and agricultural information about the farmers in the study area. Data were used to stratify the farmers according to their operational land holding, livestock numbers (tropical livestock unit), use of irrigation, age, and educational level. Four clusters of farm households were identified, and nine households were randomly selected from each cluster for a total of 36 households. These 36 households completed more detailed surveys about their cropping and livestock. The surveys identified local practices of nitrogen management in different crops and types of livestock. Further information on traditional practices for soil fertility management was obtained by interviewing selected farmers. The results show that the major use for organic residues from crops and livestock is to provide fuel. Crop residues were used as fuel by 84% of farmers, with 23% using all of their crop residues as fuel. Some manure was used as fuel by all farmers, with 56% of farmers using most of their manure as fuel. As a result, 23% used no crop residues and 56% used less than half of their manure to improve soil fertility. This suggests that recycling of nitrogen in the study area is low. Soil analysis indicates that the organic matter and nitrogen contents of the soil in the study area were only 1.43% and 0.08%, respectively. Therefore, further recycling of organic residues should be practiced in order to reduce losses of available nitrogen from the system. More research is needed to quantify nitrogen lost by these practices and to draw up a full nitrogen budget for the study area.

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Study on Effect of Urine as Fertiliser through Vegetables Production in Bangladesh

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Nitrogen Recovery With Source Separation of Human Urine—Preliminary Results of Its Fertiliser Potential and Use in Agriculture

Nitrogen Recovery With Source Separation of Human Urine—Preliminary Results of Its Fertiliser Potential and Use in Agriculture

Qualitative Analysis of Nitrogen Flows within Farms in Darusa, Bangladesh

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