Study on Factors Influencing the Viscosity of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Used in Capsule-Mucous Sealers

Wang, Fakai; Sun, Zhongguang; Li, Xuelong; Wang, Kequan; Chen, Deyou; Li, Zhen

doi:10.1155/2022/4198311

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…CNCs have an intrinsic negative charge due to the hydroxyl and sulfate half esters groups. That is, they are electrostatically stabilized in aqueous media. , Salt incorporation can compress the EDL of CNC by offering enough counterions to balance surface charges . Also, adding ions to CNC suspensions reduces the Debye length by balancing the repulsive and attractive forces.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping 3D Printability of Ionically Cross-Linked Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks: Architecting from Nano- to Macroscale Structures

et al. 2022

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Engineering the rheological properties of colloidal inks is one of the main challenges in achieving high-fidelity 3D printing. Herein, we provide a comprehensive study on the rheological behavior of inks based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in the presence of given salts to enable high-quality 3D printing. The rheological properties of the CNC suspensions are tailored by considering the nature of the electrolyte (i.e., 10 types of salts featuring different ion sizes, charge numbers, and inter-and intra-molecular interactions) at various concentrations (25−100 mM). A high printing fidelity is achieved in a narrow CNC and salt concentration range, significantly depending on the salt type. The structure−property relationship is explored in a "3D-printing" space (2D map), introducing a guideline for researchers active in this field. To further unravel the effect of salt type on morphological properties, CNC aerogels are developed by freeze-drying the printed structures. The results illustrate that enhancing viscoelastic properties render a denser structure featuring smaller pores.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping 3D Printability of Ionically Cross-Linked Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks: Architecting from Nano- to Macroscale Structures

et al. 2022

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“…CMC-Na as a gelling agent when water is added, Na+ from the bonds of CMC-Na compounds are released and replaced with H + ions to form CMCH which increases viscosity well [11]. The decrease in the texture of waru leaf gel hand sanitizer is in accordance with the research, where the cause of the decrease in gel viscosity or dilution is due to temperature and storage time which is getting longer and further reducing viscosity [12]. Due to air-induced oxidation, which occurs when CMC breaks down the carboxyl group, oxygen molecules in the air can damage the colloidal dispersion system of CMC during storage, and that is why its viscosity is reduced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Estimation shelf life on hand sanitizer that utilizes waru leaf (Hibiscus tiliaceus) waste using the accelerated method with arrhenius model

Sartika,

Ayunisa,

Susilawati

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Reprocessing organic waste such as leaves and fruit peels can produce natural hand sanitizers with novelty or useful findings. Waru leaf hand sanitizer is a new innovation that uses natural ingredients and low alcohol. Natural extracts in products are still susceptible to damage, so an estimated shelf life is needed. Estimated shelf life is related to product quality, both producers and consumers really need it. Estimating the shelf life of an item is one way to find out how long the product can be stored. By using the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Testing) method with the Arrhenius model, this study aims to determine how long the waru leaf hand sanitizer gel can last. For 18 days, the waru leaf hand sanitizer was stored at storage temperatures of 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C. Direct observation of the object of research (pH, texture, aroma, color, and absorbency) was used to obtain research data. Waru leaf hand sanitizer has 108.48 days (3.17 months) shelf life at 30°C, according to the results.

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“…The solution pH affects the solution viscosity of NaCMC. 45 For pH values less than 7, the solution viscosity becomes significantly lower. 45 NaCMC powder exhibits high chemical and microbiological purity and stability, however, the aqueous solution is liable to degradation by microbes and preservatives should be added if prolonged storage is required.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NaCMC gel becomes unstable and self-decomposes when dissolved in a solution and its viscosity reduces accordingly. 45…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Antimicrobial and in vivo Wound Healing Properties of Castor Oil-Loaded Nanogels

2024

TJNPR

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The extent of suppression of certain infections by different essential oils depends on the type of essential oil, its concentration, and the implicated pathogen. 5 Nanoemulsions are clear, thermodynamically stable, oil-water dispersions stabilized by the interfacial coating of surfactant molecules with droplets smaller than 100 nm. 6,7 They are colloidal systems that are made up of an aqueous phase and an oil phase, that are stabilized with surfactants and at times by adding auxiliary surfactants. They have dispersed phase droplets that are very small (20-500 nm), interphase surfaces that are large, as well as, low surface and interfacial tension. 8,9 As a result of these, nanoemulsion enhances the absorption rate and eradicates absorption variability, as well as, assists in solubilizing lipophilic drugs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability. 9 Direct topical application of nanoemulsion is deterred and the skin permeation profile is modified due to its low viscosity. These problems can be solved by incorporating a nanodispersion into the polymer solution to form an in situ nanoemulgel. A hydrophobic drug is incorporated in the oil cores of nanoemulgel, while the hydrogel cross-linked network entraps the droplets of emulsion. 8 Nanoemulgel has enhanced the topical efficacy of many, hitherto poorly permeable drugs. It also solves the problem of hydrophilicity of hydrogels, which limits the applications for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. 8 Wounds are injuries inflicted on living tissue that distorts its typical anatomical structure and activity. They occur as a result of physical, chemical, thermal, microbial, or immunological injury to the tissue. Irrespective of its cause and kind, wounds can inflict harm on the tissue and distort its surrounding environment. The injury can affect the skin epithelial layer's integrity and can also extend into the subcutaneous tissue disrupting associated structures like tendons, muscles, and nerves.

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Study on Factors Influencing the Viscosity of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Used in Capsule-Mucous Sealers

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Mapping 3D Printability of Ionically Cross-Linked Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks: Architecting from Nano- to Macroscale Structures

Mapping 3D Printability of Ionically Cross-Linked Cellulose Nanocrystal Inks: Architecting from Nano- to Macroscale Structures

Estimation shelf life on hand sanitizer that utilizes waru leaf (Hibiscus tiliaceus) waste using the accelerated method with arrhenius model

Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Antimicrobial and in vivo Wound Healing Properties of Castor Oil-Loaded Nanogels

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