Study on fire performance and pyrolysis of polyurethane foam material containing DMMP/TCPP

Liu, Wei; Zhang, Zejiang; Gu, Xiaoyu

doi:10.1080/1023666x.2017.1387024

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…DMMP displayed a peak of CH 3 stretching vibration at 2956 cm −1 , and peaks of P − C at 1469 cm −1 (stretching) or 1313 cm −1 (bending) [ 48 ]. The peaks at 1238 cm −1 , 1179 cm −1 , 1020 cm −1 , and 907 cm −1 corresponded to P=O, C − O, P − O − C, and P − CH 3 bonding [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. For EG, the peaks at 3436 cm −1 and 1630 cm −1 corresponded to stretching and bending vibration of − OH groups, respectively [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Flame Retardant Properties of High-Strength Microcellular Flame Retardant/Polyurethane Composite Elastomers

Zhang

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Flame retardants (FRs) often reduce the mechanical properties of polymer materials, and FR/microcellular polyurethane elastomer (MPUE) composite materials have not been systemically studied. Hence, we conducted this study on FR/MPUE composites by using multiple liquid FRs and/or expandable graphite (EG). Compared with liquid flame retardants, the LOI of an expandable graphite/dimethyl methylphosphonate (EG/DMMP) (3:1) combination was significantly increased (~36.1%), and the vertical combustion grade reached V-0 without a dripping phenomenon. However, the corresponding tensile strength was decreased by 17.5%. With the incorporation of EG alone, although the corresponding LOI was not a match with that of DMMP/EG, there was no droplet phenomenon. In addition, even with 15 wt% of EG, there was no significant decline in the tensile strength. Cone calorimeter test results showed that PHRR, THR, PSPR, and TSR were significantly reduced, compared to the neat MPUE, when the EG content surpassed 10 wt%. The combustion process became more stable and thus the fire risk was highly reduced. It was found that flame retardancy and mechanical properties could be well balanced by adding EG alone. Our proposed strategy for synthesizing FR/MPUE composites with excellent flame retardancy and mechanical properties was easy, effective, low-cost and universal, which could have great practical significance in expanding the potential application fields of MPUEs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Flame Retardant Properties of High-Strength Microcellular Flame Retardant/Polyurethane Composite Elastomers

Zhang

et al. 2022

Polymers

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“…Dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) is a water-soluble flame retardant. 21 Its most notable feature is that the phosphorus content is up to 25%, resulting in good flame-retardant efficiency. 22,23 DMMP is widely used as a flame-retardant additive for polyurethane foams, unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins, and furan resins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) is a water‐soluble flame retardant 21 . Its most notable feature is that the phosphorus content is up to 25%, resulting in good flame‐retardant efficiency 22,23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carrageenan‐vermiculite‐dimethyl methyl phosphate ternary hybrid hydrogels for firefighting

et al. 2022

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An eco-friendly and bio-based ternary hybrid hydrogel consisting of carrageenan, vermiculite, and dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) was prepared through a facile one-pot method. Rheological tests showed that this ternary hybrid hydrogel was a power-law fluid. The formulation of the ternary hybrid hydrogel was also screened, and the optimal formulation was found to be the ternary hybrid hydrogel containing 1 wt% carrageenan, 2 wt% DMMP, and 4 wt% vermiculite. Firefighting experiments showed that the ternary hybrid hydrogel could stop the chain reaction and rapidly reduce the temperature of combustion. Compared to water, the extinguishing time of the ternary hybrid hydrogel was shortened by 46.6%, and the volume consumed was reduced by 43.3%. The superior fire extinguishing efficiency of the ternary hybrid hydrogel could be attributed to the combined effect of each component: carrageenan provides viscosity, making the hydrogel firmly cover the burning surface; DMMP works as a free radical scavenger that can stop chain reactions; and vermiculite acts as a barrier layer, which helps to insulate air and heat and prevent resurgence. This work provides an environmentally-friendly, cost-effective, and bio-based hybrid hydrogel for firefighting.

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“…However a potential unintended consequence of these measures may be the infiltration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the indoor environment and their potential impact on indoor air [8][9][10] . For example, organophosphorus flame retardants are present in many indoor environments 6,11 as they increase the flammability resistance of consumer and construction products 12 . In order to design appropriate mitigation strategies for reducing human exposure to organic compounds present in indoor air, the source and scale of their emissions should be thoroughly investigated 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic evaluation of 1,2-dichloropropane emissions from do-it-yourself spray foam insulation products

Naldzhiev

Mumovic

Strlič

2022

Building and Environment

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Study on fire performance and pyrolysis of polyurethane foam material containing DMMP/TCPP

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Investigation of the Flame Retardant Properties of High-Strength Microcellular Flame Retardant/Polyurethane Composite Elastomers

Investigation of the Flame Retardant Properties of High-Strength Microcellular Flame Retardant/Polyurethane Composite Elastomers

Carrageenan‐vermiculite‐dimethyl methyl phosphate ternary hybrid hydrogels for firefighting

Systematic evaluation of 1,2-dichloropropane emissions from do-it-yourself spray foam insulation products

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