Study on grafting of starch on natural rubber latex via GDEP method

Chalid, Mochamad; Putranto, Bismo Dwi; Alfiando, Muhammad Abizar Yusa; Desfrandanta, Jhangir; Agita, Anisa

doi:10.1063/1.5064352

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Referring to our previous studies [ 19 , 20 ] and FTIR spectra of the composite in Figure 1 , there were some possible mechanisms of molecular interaction, which formed intermolecular bonds between NR matrix and NF fillers, as shown in Figure 2 . The intermolecular bonds were built from crosslinking between NR backbones (1) and NR molecules with NR parts in NR-g-St graft copolymer (2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The fibers were pretreated to obtain average aspect ratio of 25.62 ± 33.68. The starch-grafted natural rubber (NR-g-St) was synthesized from our laboratory based on the procedure in [ 19 ]. NaOH solids used in graft copolymerization of NR were obtained from Merck.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous works, modifying the chemical structure of NR was performed through grafting a synthetic polar compound such as maleic anhydride [ 14 ], methyl methacrylate [ 15 ], acrylonitrile [ 16 ], and styrene [ 17 ] onto the backbone of the rubber [ 18 ]. In this study, we used a coupling agent that was synthesized through grafting biomass, i.e., starch to NR backbone producing hybrid material [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Modelling Study of the Effect of Adding Starch-Modified Natural Rubber Hybrid to the Vulcanization of Sorghum Fibers-Filled Natural Rubber

Chalid

Husnil

Puspitasari³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Natural rubber-starch copolymer hybrid obtained from our laboratory was used as an additive for rubber compound. In this work, the effect of adding this hybrid material to vulcanization kinetics of sorghum fibers-filled natural rubber was studied. The rubber compounds were added with hybrid material at various loadings, i.e., zero to two phr and thus cured at three different temperatures, i.e., 130, 140, and 150 °C. The molecular behaviors due to the hybrid addition were investigated by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The rheological phenomena of the rubber compounds were studied by performing torque analysis in moving die rheometer. The obtained data were utilized to develop the thermodynamic modeling. The compatibility of sorghum fibers-natural rubber blends in the presence of starch-modified natural rubber were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). FTIR results show noticeable changes in the peak intensity of particular functional groups from rubber and natural fiber as evidence of molecular interaction enhancements between rubber and natural fibers caused by incorporating the starch-modified natural rubber coupling agent to rubber-natural fiber blends. The curing time for these blends was reduced with lower required activation energy. SEM images show no visible gaps in morphology between natural rubber and the filler indicating that the addition of hybrid material to the blends also improves the compatibility between the fibers and the rubber matrix.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%