Study on Health Evaluation of an Ecological Irrigation District in Helan County, China

Abstract

The construction of ecological irrigation districts is of great significance to protect the Yellow River ecology and achieve sustainable development of the local ecological economy. Taking the ecological irrigation district of Helan County as the study area, a health evaluation index system of the irrigation district was established, including three primary indexes of ecological environment, modernization level, and agricultural production and benefit, and 20 secondary indexes. Then, the Topsis method, entropy weight evaluation method, fuzzy pattern recognition model, and variable fuzzy model were used to evaluate the health of the Helan ecological irrigation district. In order to avoid the one-sidedness of the evaluation results of a single evaluation method, a combined evaluation method named deviation maximization combined evaluation method was used to combine each single evaluation result. The evaluation results by the combined evaluation method showed the following: (1) The ecological health of Helan irrigation district had a trend of becoming better from 2007 to 2016. (2) The grey correlation analysis showed that the soil salt content, groundwater depth, canal lining rate, ratio of efficient water-saving irrigation area, information level of the irrigation district, water productivity, agricultural unilateral aquatic output value, irrigation water consumption per mu, and coefficient of effective utilization of farmland irrigation water were closely related to the evaluation results. (3) In order to effectively improve the ecological health of Helan irrigation districts, it is necessary to reduce soil salt content and groundwater salinity, increase canal linings, promote water-saving irrigation measures, and agricultural information construction, etc.

Hydrogeochemical characteristics, driving factors, and health risk assessment of karst groundwater in Southwest Hubei Province, China

“…Gibbs diagrams can be used to disclose the composition and variation trend of chemical ions in groundwater and determine whether their sources are controlled by water–rock interactions, evaporation, or precipitation (Chu et al, 2023; Gao et al, 2023; Yang et al, 2023; Zhang, Diao, et al, 2021). According to the obtained results, the groundwater samples collected from the study area are located in the central part of the Gibbs diagrams (Figure 4), indicating that water–rock interaction was the major factor controlling the hydrochemical characteristics of the karst groundwater.…”

An Evaluation System of the Modernization Level of Irrigation Districts with an Analysis of Obstacle Factors: A Case Study for North China

“…Meanwhile, a new concept called a water-saving irrigation district was proposed. During the 2010s, the construction of ecological civilization became a national strategy, and the research on irrigation districts shifted towards a focus on the ecological environment, with topics such as ecological health [9], ecological systems [10], and ecological irrigation districts [11]. In 2020, the Ministry of Water Resources of China formulated and implemented a nationwide modernization construction plan for large-scale irrigation districts, with a 15-year plan to comprehensively and systematically improve the development level of large-scale irrigation districts.…”

“…Zhang [17] established an evaluation index system for the water resource carrying capacity of ecological irrigation districts and applied it to the Dagong Yellow River Diversion Irrigation District. Zhang [9] designed a health evaluation index system to effectively evaluate an ecological irrigation district. Liu [18] proposed an index system targeted at ecological civilization irrigated districts that included 18 indicators.…”

The index system for the implementation effect evaluation of water-saving renovation of key medium-sized irrigation districts: A case study

“…At present, the evaluation methods for irrigation districts include comprehensive integration weighting method, variable fuzzy set theory method, extension evaluation method, artificial neural network method, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematics theory method, grey correlation method, TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation based on entropy weight, etc [8][9][10][11][12]. These methods have been applied to the comprehensive benefit evaluation of irrigation districts for many times.…”