Study on Heat Island Effect Induced by Land Use Change Increased Temperature in Metropolitan

Abstract

Abstract. The heat island (HI) effect in metropolitan Jakarta was studied using air temperature measurements at 9 meteorological stations in Jakarta, Tanjung Priok, Serang, Halim, Cengkareng, Pondok Betung, Curug, Bogor, Citeko during 1986-2008 and Serpong during 2008-2011 and 2013 land use for forest, industry, water, settlement, open/cleared land in 1997, 2004, 2012; and total number of industries and total number of vehicles during 1986-2011. Harmonic analysis was used to remove the seasonal component from the temperature time series data, which was filtered with the 30-day moving average technique to capture trends whose significance was tested with the MannKendall method. The results show that industry was a major factor in land use change over Jakarta with an increasing growth/year of 502 ha (9.76%) concentrated in the eastern part of Jakarta from 1997 to 2012. Industry had a spatial cover change similar to deforestation and open/cleared land expansion, especially in Jakarta from 2009 to 2012: 38.8%/year (industry), 8.3%/year (deforestation), and 13.8%/year (open/cleared land). The HI effect increased the temperature trend rate/year in Jakarta, Tanjung Priok, Serang, Halim, Pondok Betung, Cengkareng, Curug, and Bogor about 0.051°C, 0.021°C, 0.018°C, 0.012°C, 0.006°C, 0.006°C, 0.005°C, and 0.004°C from 1986 to 2008, respectively, equivalent to average warming in the city, suburban, and mountainous areas of around 2.5°C, 0.6°C, and 0.4°C, respectively within 100 years from 2009.

Temporal-Spatial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Land Surface Temperatures in Kuta, Bali: An Analysis Using Landsat 8 Satellite Imagery

“…The environmental ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic have been manifested in various facets, notably in alterations to the climate. Diminished human endeavors, encompassing urbanization, transportation, industry, and settlement, have been linked to temperature declines [30,31]. Investigations into the LST prior to and amid the Covid-19 pandemic in regions such as Wuhan City, China [32], Istanbul, Turkey [33], and India [34]have indicated that, during the enforcement of lockdown policies, the average LST was observed to be lower than the periods preceding or following the lockdown.…”

Percent of building density (PBD) of urban environment: a multi-index approach based study in DKI Jakarta Province

“…The inhabitants need land for their daily activity i.e. housing, office, industry, and commercial, trigger the land-use/land-cover change and urban sprawling [Firman, 1997;Lestari et al, 2015]. Land-use/landcover change and urban sprawling would be impacted to the quality of environment for example urban heat island, environmental pollution (atmospheric, water, soil), flooding [Wibowo & Rustanto, 2013;Costa, et al, 2016;Heald & Geddes, 2016;Murakami et al, 2017;Sutjiningsih, 2017;Effendi et al, 2018];.…”

Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategy based on Local Climate Zone Classification using Landsat 8 satellite imagery

“…Researchers have stated that UHI is related to Jakarta's Open Green Space (OGS) degradation [5,6]. Many OGS and other natural features of the land in Jakarta have been converted into buildings in the past 30 years [7,8].…”