Study on JV Virus in Patients with Colon Cancer Type Adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the most repetitious malignancies with high mortality worldwide. JC virus (JCV) is ubiquitous Polyomavirus, with seroprevalence rates ranging from 70% to 90% in adult population. Recently the role of JCV have been reported in many malignant tumors worldwide. The association of JCV was reported in patients with colon and rectum cancers. Thus this study was conducted to evaluate the association of JCV DNA in patients with colon cancer type Adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods: A total of 120 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks samples were collected including 20/40(50%) males, 20/40(50%) females patients with Colorectal Cancer(CRC), and 80 (50% males, 50% females) patients with benign tumor as a control. DNA was extracted for all the samples. Nested PCR was carried out for detection of Vp1/T-Ag junction genome in JCV genome by Nested-PCR assay. Randomly, PCR products of 6 samples were sequenced to analysis the partial JCV DNA. The phylogeny tree was constructed to determine homology identity with other JCV. Results: 4/40(10%) samples of test group and 10/80 (12.5%) of control samples were positive for JCV DNA (P= 0.69). Out of 4 samples positive for JC DNA, 3(7.5%) were males and 1(2.4%) female (P=0.29). The frequency of JCV DNA in age group> 50 years was 4/32(10%), while in age group <50 years was 0/8 (0%) (p= 0.29). Conclusion: prevalence of JCV DNA was among 10% patients with CRC and 12.5% benign tumors (p=0.69). The distribution of JCV DNA was among 7.5% male and 2.5% female (p= 0.29). The frequency of JCV DNA was among 10% cases of age group >50 years and 0% of age group <50 years (P= 0.29). The subsequent T-Ag protein expression might explain the increased risk of colorectal cancer and requires further investigation.

Prevalence of JC and BK viruses in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis

“…Sarvari et al, 2018;Haghi Navand et al, 2019) and five studies assessed the BK virus prevalence (Casini et al, 2005;Giuliani et al, 2008;Tseng et al, 2014;Jarzynski et al, 2017;Sarvari et al, 2018) Some studies had used several targets and diagnostic methods (Enam et al, 2002;Hori et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2008;Tsekov et al, 2011;Mou et al, 2012;Matalka et al, 2013;Tseng et al, 2014). One stydy used In Situ Hybridization (ISH) (Samaka et al, 2013), one study used real time PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) (Tsekov et al, 2011) and others used PCR, nested-PCR or Immunohistochemistry (IHC), (Enam et al, 2002;Casini et al, 2005;Hori et al, 2005;Theodoropoulos et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006;Giuliani et al, 2008;Jung et al, 2008;Lin et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010a;Niv et al, 2010b;Ramamoorthy et al, 2011;Tsekov et al, 2011;Mou et al, 2012;Coelho et al, 2013;Matalka et al, 2013;Ripple et al, 2014;Sinagra et al, 2014;Ksiaa et al, 2015;Jarzynski et al, 2017;Toumi et al, 2017;Sarvari et al, 2018;Haghi Navand et al, 2019). Most of the studies targeted DNA and T antigen (TAg) from the samples in order to diagnose the viruses …”

“…One stydy used In Situ Hybridization (ISH) (Samaka et al, 2013), one study used real time PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction) (Tsekov et al, 2011) and others used PCR, nested-PCR or Immunohistochemistry (IHC), (Enam et al, 2002;Casini et al, 2005;Hori et al, 2005;Theodoropoulos et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006;Giuliani et al, 2008;Jung et al, 2008;Lin et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010a;Niv et al, 2010b;Ramamoorthy et al, 2011;Tsekov et al, 2011;Mou et al, 2012;Coelho et al, 2013;Matalka et al, 2013;Ripple et al, 2014;Sinagra et al, 2014;Ksiaa et al, 2015;Jarzynski et al, 2017;Toumi et al, 2017;Sarvari et al, 2018;Haghi Navand et al, 2019). Most of the studies targeted DNA and T antigen (TAg) from the samples in order to diagnose the viruses (Enam et al, 2002;Hori et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006;Jung et al, 2008;Lin et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010b;Tsekov et al, 2011;Mou et al, 2012;Vilkin et al, 2012;Matalka et al, 2013;Samaka et al, 2013;Ripple et al, 2014;Tseng et al, 2014;Haghi Navand et al, 2019), however, viral protein 1(VP1), noncoding control region (NCCR) and Agnoprotein were also used as target …”

“…Overall 18 studies reported the JCV prevalence in colorectal cancer that were included in prevalence (Enam et al, 2002;Casini et al, 2005;Hori et al, 2005;Theodoropoulos et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006;Giuliani et al, 2008;Lin et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010a;Niv et al, 2010b;Tsekov et al, 2011;Mou et al, 2012;Coelho et al, 2013;Matalka et al, 2013;Sinagra et al, 2014;Ksiaa et al, 2015;Toumi et al, 2017;Sarvari et al, 2018;Haghi Navand et al, 2019). Nine studies used PCR (Enam et al, 2002;Casini et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006;Giuliani et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010b;Matalka et al, 2013;Ksiaa et al, 2015;Sarvari et al, 2018;Haghi Navand et al, 2019), seven studies used nested-PCR (Hori et al, 2005;Theodoropoulos et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2008;Mou et al, 2012;Coelho et al, 2013;Sinagra et al, 2014;Toumi et al, 2017) and seven studies used IHC methods for virus detection). The reported prevalence ranged from 0% to 94% and varied based on the target and diagnostic method (Figures 2-4).…”

“…There was also a variation in type of target detection in each method. Among studies that used PCR, seven studies used viral DNA (Casini et al, 2005;Giuliani et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010b;Matalka et al, 2013, Ksiaa et al, 2015Sarvari et al, 2018;Haghi Navand et al, 2019), 4 studies used TAg (Enam et al, 2002;Goel et al, 2006;Niv et al, 2010b;Matalka et al, 2013) and 1 study used VP1 and Agnoprotein as the target (Enam et al, 2002). In subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of JCV in studies used PCR with the target of TAg was 62 % (38%-83%) which was higher than studies used DNA 36% (2%-80%).…”

“…In 13 studies, the prevalence of JCV in CRC was compared with a control group. There were four types of control groups in order to compare the prevalence of JCV in CRC with them (Casini et al, 2005;Hori et al, 2005;Theodoropoulos et al, 2005;Goel et al, 2006;Jung et al, 2008;Niv et al, 2010b;Tsekov et al, 2011;Mou et al, 2012;Coelho et al, 2013;Matalka et al, 2013;Samaka et al, 2013;Ksiaa et al, 2015;Haghi Navand et al, 2019). The control groups used were healthy people, normal mucous tissue of the same person, patients with colorectal adenoma and patients with non-CRC (HCV, polyp and gastrointestinal disorders other than CRC).…”