Calcium complex ferrate is an ideal binder phase in the sintered ore phase, and a detailed study of the whole process of calcium complex ferrate generation is of great significance to improve the quality of sintered ore. In this paper, we first investigated calcium ferrate containing aluminum (CFA), which is an important precursor compound for the generation of complex calcium ferrate (SFCA), followed by a series of composite calcium ferrate generation process phase XRD detections and data preprocessing of data. Data correlation and data fitting analysis were combined with composite calcium ferrite phase diagram energy spectrum analysis to obtain the effect of MgO and Al2O3 on the formation of composite calcium ferrite. Then a modified RBF neural network model using the resource allocation network algorithm (RAN) was used to predict the generation trend of complex calcium ferrate. The parameters of the neural network are optimized with the Dragonfly algorithm, compared with the traditional RBF neural network. The prediction accuracy of the improved algorithm was found to be higher, with a prediction result of 97.6%. Finally, the predicted results were based on comparative metallurgical experimental results and data analysis. The validity and accuracy of the findings in this paper were verified.