Study on mechanical properties and permeability of elliptical porous scaffold based on the SLM manufactured medical Ti6Al4V

Shi, Chenglong; Lu, Nana; Qin, Yaru; Liu, Mingdi; Li, Hongxia; Li, Haichao

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247764

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the finite element simulation the inlet velocity was set to 1 mm/s, the inlet pressure to 0 MPa, the fluid density to 1050 kg/m 3 and the viscosity to 0.0037 kg/m/s [ 2 , 26 ].

…”

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of bone-tissue engineering, the ability of a bone scaffold to perfectly fit the mechanical properties of the host bone is one of the key research questions in regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. Natural bone is an interconnected porous structure [ 2 ], which can play an active role in cell infiltration, proliferation, and differentiation. While conventional manufacturing methods are unable to have excellent mechanical properties while precisely controlling the internal structure of the implant, the advent of additive manufacturing technology has made it possible to have materials with both material transport and biological properties [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural bone is an interconnected porous structure [ 2 ], which can play an active role in cell infiltration, proliferation, and differentiation. While conventional manufacturing methods are unable to have excellent mechanical properties while precisely controlling the internal structure of the implant, the advent of additive manufacturing technology has made it possible to have materials with both material transport and biological properties [ 2 , 3 ]. Metals and their alloys have been studied by many authors for bone implantation [ 4 , 5 ], with 316L stainless steel, cobalt-based alloys and titanium, and their alloys, being widely used for their good biocompatibility and excellent corrosion resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Structural and Processing Parameters for Selective Laser Melting of Porous 316L Bone Scaffolds

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2022

Materials

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In the implantation of porous bone scaffolds, good mechanical properties of the scaffold are a prerequisite for the long-term functionality of the implanted scaffolds, which varies according to the structure and the forming process. In this study, the influence of the forming parameters and structure of the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process on the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel bone scaffolds was investigated using finite element simulation combined with experimental methods. The mechanism of the influence of the process parameters and structure on the mechanical properties of bone scaffolds was summarized using static compression finite element numerical simulations, compression experiments, hydrodynamic simulations, forming numerical simulations and SLM forming experiments. The results show that the magnitude of residual stress and the distribution of defects under different process parameters had a strong influence on the microstructure and properties of the scaffold, and the residual stress of the Body-Centered Cube (BCC) structure formed at an energy density of 41.7 J/mm3 was significantly reduced, with less surface spheroidization and fewer cracks on the melt pool surface. The smallest grain size of 321 nm was obtained at an energy density of 77.4 J/mm3, while in terms of mechanical properties, the optimization of the structure resulted in an 8.3% increase in yield strength and a reduction in stress concentration. The predictions of stress, deformation, and forming quality during construction with different process parameters, achieved using finite element analysis, are basically in agreement with the experimental results, indicating that the best process parameters for forming BCC structural supports were determined by using finite element simulation combined with experiments; moreover, the distribution and evolution of residual stresses and defects under different process parameters for constructing BCC structures were obtained.

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“…In the finite element simulation the inlet velocity was set to 1 mm/s, the inlet pressure to 0 MPa, the fluid density to 1050 kg/m 3 and the viscosity to 0.0037 kg/m/s [ 2 , 26 ].

…”

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Structural and Processing Parameters for Selective Laser Melting of Porous 316L Bone Scaffolds

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…The permeability values measured for human bones were experimentally measured, and a wide range, 10 −8 to 3.10 −11 m 2 , was reported, which depend on the kind of bone, as reported by Nauman et al [ 13 ]. Although permeability can be improved by increasing the pore size, as shown in scaffolds fabricated by AM [ 14 , 15 ], the pore size also plays a role in the bone ingrowth. Nevertheless, the optimal pore size is a controversial issue in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti64/20Ag Porous Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2022

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We present a novel Ti64/20Ag highly porous composite fabricated by powder metallurgy for biomedical applications and provide an insight into its microstructure and mechanical proprieties. In this work, the Ti64/20Ag highly porous composites were successfully fabricated by the space holder technique and consolidated by liquid phase sintering, at lower temperatures than the ones used for Ti64 materials. The sintering densification was evaluated by dilatometry tests and the microstructural characterization and porosity features were determined by scanning electron microscopy and computed microtomography. Permeability was estimated by numerical simulations on the 3D real microstructure. Mechanical properties were evaluated by simple compression tests. Densification was achieved by interparticle pore filling with liquid Ag that does not drain to the large pores, with additional densification due to the macroscopical deformation of large pores. Pore characteristics are closely linked to the pore formers and the permeability was highly increased by increasing the pore volume fraction, mainly because the connectivity was improved. As expected, with the increase in porosity, the mechanical properties decreased. These results permitted us to gain a greater understanding of the microstructure and to confirm that we developed a promising Ti64/20Ag composite, showing E of 7.4 GPa, σy of 123 MPa and permeability of 3.93 × 10−11 m2. Enhanced adaptability and antibacterial proprieties due to Ag were obtained for bone implant applications.

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“…17 Montazerian et al 18 noted that along with the surface area, surface geometry also has a major impact on the permeability of nine cells with different architectures. Shi et al 19 investigated the suitability of elliptical pores for bone regeneration. They formed different arrays of scaffolds and performed numerical analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical behavior of diamond lattice scaffolds obtained by two different design approaches with similar porosity; a numerical investigation with FEM and CFD analysis

Karaman

Asl

2022

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Scaffolds provide a suitable environment for the bone tissue to maintain its self-healing ability and help new bone-cell formation by creating structures with similar mechanical properties to the surrounding tissue. In the modeling of the scaffolds, an optimum environment is tried to be provided by changing the geometrical properties of the cell architecture such as porosity, pore size, and specific surface area. For this purpose, different design approaches have been used in studies to change these properties. This study aims to determine whether scaffolds with similar porosities modeled by different design approaches exhibit distinct biomechanical behaviors or not. By using the Diamond lattice architecture, two different design approaches were constituted. The first approach has constant wall thickness and variable cell size, whereas the second approach contains variable wall thickness and constant cell size. The usage of different design approaches affected the amount of specific surface area in models with similar porosity. Mechanical compression tests were conducted via finite element analysis, while the permeability performance of configurations with similar porosities (50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%) was evaluated by using computational fluid dynamics. The mechanical results revealed that the structural strength decreased with increasing porosity. Since their higher specific surface area causes lower pressure drops, the second group exhibits better permeability. In addition, it was found that to evaluate the wall shear stresses occurring on the scaffold surfaces properly, it is essential to consider the stress distributions within the scaffold rather than the maximum values.

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Study on mechanical properties and permeability of elliptical porous scaffold based on the SLM manufactured medical Ti6Al4V

Cited by 22 publications

References 34 publications

Optimization of Structural and Processing Parameters for Selective Laser Melting of Porous 316L Bone Scaffolds

Optimization of Structural and Processing Parameters for Selective Laser Melting of Porous 316L Bone Scaffolds

Ti64/20Ag Porous Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy for Biomedical Applications

Biomechanical behavior of diamond lattice scaffolds obtained by two different design approaches with similar porosity; a numerical investigation with FEM and CFD analysis

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