Study on Milling Periods on the Iron Mill Scale Particle Size and Properties

Abstract

The relations between the milling periods with the iron mill scale particle size have been studied. Iron mill scale has been chosen for this research due to the nature of itself, as a by-product. From this research, the average optimum size for the final iron mill scale particle size intended to produce is at 300 μm. Raw iron mill scale received from the industries was in the form of chip with the average size of 10 mm across and 1.5 mm thickness. Three different samples from three different steel mill companies have been used for this study. Rolling ball mill has been used to mill the iron mill scale with two different milling periods, which were two hours and six hours. After the milling process, the iron mill scale was sieved using sieving machine to a few specified grating sizes. Weight of each sample collected from each grating size was calculated in order to get the percentage of the particle size distribution of the iron mill scale after the milling process. Sample collected from Steel Mill 1 (SM1) and Steel Mill 3 (SM3) showing finer particle size produced after the milling period of six hours as compared to two hours. However sample from Steel Mill 2 (SM2) showing different trend of particle size collected as compared to SM1 and SM3. Coarser particle size was collected after the milling periods of six hours as compared to two hours. Characterization process have been conducted to all mill scale samples from each steel mill company in order to determine the relationship between the mill scale properties and the result gathered after the milling process.

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanocoils CNT/PLA Filament at Different Filler’s Percentages as Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

“…As seen from the patterns, the XRD peaks for the sample raw mill scale corresponded to the diffraction pattern characteristic of the magnetite structure with (JCPD: 00-019-0629) observed at the 2θ(°) = 18.270°, 30.095°, 35.423°, 43.053°, 56.944°, 62.516° indicate to (111), ( 220), (311), (400), ( 511), (440) respectively and wustite at 2θ(°) = 41.928° (200) and 2θ(°) = 60.766° (220) with reference code (JCPD: 00-006-0615). This formation of iron oxide on the surface of the mill scale commonly occurs during the hot rolling process involving a high temperature as also reported by Ruhiyuddin et al, [26].The intense peak at 2θ(°) =26.382° of CNTs represents the characteristic graphitic peak formed by the tubular structure of the carbon atoms in the sample with (002) planes with the reference code data (JCPD: 00-041-1487). Considering the spectral profile of CNTs, the weak broad XRD peak at 2θ = 42.402° and 2θ = 44.600° with (JCPD: 00-023-0064) is assigned to graphitic (100) and ( 101) crystalline lattice that related with Bragg law.…”

“…The average particle size of mill scale milled at 8 hours is 278.4 nm meanwhile the particle size of raw mill scale waste is 415.5 nm respectively. The milling time is believed to be the cause of the size reduction as reported by Ruhiyuddin et al, [26]. On the other hand, Figure 4 shows and revealed that the CNTs are highly entangled with each other.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Produced from Iron Mill Scale

“…Than magnetic separator machine has been used to separate the non-ferrous material from the iron oxide. Latter, the non-magnetic materials free iron mill scale powder was further ground to a desired particle size, which is 300µm using a ball milling machine for 6 hours [4,6].…”

From Machining Chips to Raw Material for Powder Metallurgy—A Review

“…Milling techniques can include: (1) attritor ball milling that can be categorized as dry grinding or wet grinding, using regular speed (to 400 rpm) or high speed (400–1800 rpm) attritors [ 10 , 16 ]; (2) roll milling [ 17 ]; (3) planetary type [ 7 , 13 ]; (4) disc milling [ 10 , 18 , 19 ]. Powder production mostly involves fracturing cleaned and dried chips/swarf; meanwhile, cold welding between fragments may occur; however, this joining depends on the energy and conditions of milling.…”

“…The evolution of particle size is governed by the fragmentation of metal chips and is dependent on the materials characteristics and processing conditions as well. Regarding the influence of material, some authors showed the production of particles in dissimilar sizes from similar milling of different chips; that difference was attributed to the primary conditions of the chips used for milling [ 17 ]. Table 1 shows the function of the material chips, the different studies performed during the last decennia concerning particle size and the milling process.…”