Study on non-destructive testing of rail rolling contact fatigue crack based on magnetic barkhausen noise

Lin, Qiang; Jiang, Shenghui; Tian, Haidong; Ding, Haohao; Wang, Wenjian; Guo, Jun; Liu, Qiyue

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2023.204965

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Overall, these factors cause certain vibrations in individual parts and the entire measuring system, which are reflected in the oscillations of the recorded quantities. For these reasons, it was necessary to use the smoothing of the recorded waveforms with the exponential moving average defined in Equation ( 16) and the simple moving average in Equation (17).…”

Section: Test Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this experiment, after 36,000 wheel cycles the slip ratio decreased from the initial value of 2.5% to approximately 1.7%. The oscillations in the measurements of profiles forced us to introduce data smoothing using an exponential moving average in Equation ( 16) and a simple moving average in Equation (17), respectively. The exponential moving average of the i-th sample is calculated as…”

Section: Test Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the real-time detection of cracks under rolling/sliding contact conditions, magnetic methods [15] and eddy current tomography [16] were successfully applied, which allows early detection of cracks due to rolling contact fatigue (RCF). The Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) technique, which is a well-known method for quantification of residual stresses, is also applicable [17]. Tensile tests have shown that MBN is also beneficial in determining the degree of plastic deformation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two Contributions to Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing Considering Different Diameters of Rail and Wheel Discs

Šmach,

Halama,

Marek

et al. 2023

Lubricants

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Scaled rolling contact fatigue tests, used to practically simulate the wear of the wheel and rail material under laboratory conditions, are typically classified into two categories. Tests in the first category use twin-disc stands, while the second group of test rigs use two discs of different diameters considering the rail disc as the larger one. The latter setup is closer to the real situation, but problems can occur with high contact pressures and tractions. The focus of this paper is on two main contributions. Firstly, a case study based on finite element analysis is presented, allowing the optimization of the specimen geometry for high contact pressures. Accumulated plastic deformation caused by cycling is responsible for abrupt lateral deformation, which requires the use of an appropriate cyclic plasticity model in the finite element analysis. In the second part of the study, two laser profilers are used to measure the dimensions of the specimen in real time during the rolling contact fatigue test. The proposed technique allows the changes in the specimen dimensions to be characterized during the test itself, and therefore does not require the test to be interrupted. By using real-time values of the specimen’s dimensional contours, it is possible to calculate an instantaneous value of the slip ratio or the contact path width.

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Section: Test Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Two Contributions to Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing Considering Different Diameters of Rail and Wheel Discs

Šmach,

Halama,

Marek

et al. 2023

Lubricants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…25 Lin et al studied the mechanism of surface cracking and the role of dislocation density of MBN in rail rolling contact fatigue. 26 In other work, MBN as a function of the martensite morphologies and volume fractions of dual-phase steel was investigated as well in the mixed structure of ferrite−martensite phases. 27 These and other recent works demonstrate the capabilities that the MBN technique provides for the analysis of structure−property correlations in various steels and products made from them.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jurkovič et al employed MBN analysis for monitoring of cavitation damage of a ship’s propeller blade after long-term operation and reported that MBN drops down in the ferrite region of the blade due to increasing dislocation density, whereas increasing MBN can be found in the region of austenite as a result of strain-induced martensite transformation . Lin et al studied the mechanism of surface cracking and the role of dislocation density of MBN in rail rolling contact fatigue . In other work, MBN as a function of the martensite morphologies and volume fractions of dual-phase steel was investigated as well in the mixed structure of ferrite–martensite phases .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Effective Non-ferromagnetic Barrier in Fe/MgO Soft Magnetic Composite

Bures,

Neslusan,

Faberova

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Soft magnetic ferromagnetic/insulator composites are complex objects in terms of structure and magnetic properties. They depend on many different parameters, among which one of the main ones is the amount of insulator. In this work, the effect of MgO content on magnetization processes in Fe/MgO composites is studied in detail by using a wide combination of properties and structure analysis methods. Several series of samples with content steps up to 0.1 wt % were prepared using standard powder metallurgy operations such as dry mixing, cold pressing, and sintering. The study demonstrates that the evolution of Barkhausen noise with increasing MgO content is not systematic. The second phase acts as an effective barrier to magnetic interaction between neighboring Fe particles only after reaching a certain point, which was found to be about 0.9% wt. Some other properties (coercivity, permeability, elastic properties) also demonstrate nontrivial composition dependence. To reveal the causes of the observed phenomena, the structure of the composites was studied in detail, and it was shown that with an increase in the MgO content in the range of 0.8−1%, a change in the mechanisms of structure formation occurs, which, in turn, affects the properties. The presented results provide insights into developing advanced soft magnetic composites with an optimal combination of a ferromagnetic powder and an insulator.

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Detecting the Sigma Phase in Duplex Stainless Steel by Magnetic Noise and First Harmonic Analysis

Silva,

Sampaio

et al. 2024

Materials

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Non-destructive electromagnetic tests based on magnetic noise analysis have been developed to study, among others, residual stress, heat treatment outcomes, and harmful microstructures in terms of toughness. When subjected to thermal cycles above 550 °C, duplex stainless steels form an extremely hard and chromium-rich constituent that, if it is superior to 5%, compromises the steel’s corrosion resistance and toughness. In the present work, a study was carried out concerning the interaction of excitation waves with duplex stainless steel. Hence, by analyzing the magnetic noise and variations in the amplitude of the first harmonic of the excitation waves, the detection of the deleterious sigma phase in SAF 2205 steel is studied. To simplify the test, a Hall effect sensor replaced the pick-up coil placed on the opposite surface of the excitation coil. Sinusoidal excitation waves of 5 Hz and 25 Hz with amplitudes ranging from 0.25 V to 9 V were applied to samples with different amounts of the sigma phase, and the microstructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the best testing condition consists of applying waves with amplitudes from 1 V to 2 V and using the first harmonic amplitude. Thus, the test proved effective for detecting the formation of the deleterious sigma phase and can follow the ability to absorb energy by impact and, thus, the material embrittlement.

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Study on non-destructive testing of rail rolling contact fatigue crack based on magnetic barkhausen noise

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Two Contributions to Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing Considering Different Diameters of Rail and Wheel Discs

Two Contributions to Rolling Contact Fatigue Testing Considering Different Diameters of Rail and Wheel Discs

Formation of Effective Non-ferromagnetic Barrier in Fe/MgO Soft Magnetic Composite

Detecting the Sigma Phase in Duplex Stainless Steel by Magnetic Noise and First Harmonic Analysis

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