Study on non-linear equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic of deltamethrin removal in aqueous solution using modified magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

The purpose of modification of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles is an eco-friendly, emerging and economical method for removing deltamethrin in the aqueous solution and wastewater effluents when compared with other adsorbent methods. Modified magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation and then coupled with 3-hydroxytyraminium chloride. The nano-sorbent was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zero point charge and surface area determination. Batch studies were conducted and adsorption equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic non-linear models were carried out. The resulting equilibrium data were tested with Langmuir and Freundlich non-linear isotherm models, and the results showed that the Langmuir isotherm fitted the data well. Kinetic studies were done with different initial deltamethrin concentrations, adsorbent dosage and temperature, and the data were assimilated with pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic equations, and it was found that the studied nano-sorbent processes followed the pseudo-second order kinetic equation. Thermodynamic analysis was also carried out to estimate the changes in free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS). The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption of deltamethrin into the nano-sorbent was spontaneous, feasible and showed an endothermic process.

New insight on some selected nanoparticles as an effective adsorbent toward diminishing the health risk of deltamethrin contaminated water

“…The degradation of deltamethrin differed very slightly amongst the nanoparticles utilized. These results align with those of [ 37 ], who utilized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles to extract deltamethrin from water. Furthermore, in the physicochemical treatment by ion exchange and the precipitation technique, the pesticides were adsorbed in two ways [ 59 , 60 ].…”

“…After each adsorption operation, the catalyst was separated from the solution using syringe filters (Millipore Millex-G, 0.22 μm pore size). A UV–Vis spectrophotometer (UV-2600, Shimadz, Japan) was used to determine the residual concentration of deltamethrin at a wavelength of 250–385 nm [ 3 , 37 ] at the start of preparation as well as after 1, 3, 24, and 48 hours. To ensure repeatability, all tests were carried out in triplicate.…”