“…All studies have found that a teacher's pedagogical approach leads to student 'tension and nervousness', the same results that have been found in this study, although they did not give reasons for this, such as what was causing the anxiety. The data similarities in these studies are all conducted in mixed methods methodology drawing from Competent Bilinguals' experiences, not from psycholinguistic theories of what educators think of silence (see, for example, Soo & Goh, 2013;Baktash & Chalak, 2015;Zuraidah, 2007). This may be because of the influence of EAL literature, which does not project this, and studies usually see silence as the representation of "denial, … frequently deemed as a sign of zeal, ignorance, boredom, and uncooperativeness" (Granger, 2004, p.445).…”