Study on statistical models of atmospheric channel for FSO communication link

Parikh, Jolly; Jain, Virander Kumar

doi:10.1109/nuicone.2011.6153263

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For a strong turbulence, σ 2 I ≥ 1, the field amplitude is Rayleigh-distributed which means negative exponential statistics for the intensity [111]. Besides these two models, a number of other statistical models [126] are used in literature to describe the scintillation statistics in either a regime of strong turbulence (K model) or all the regimes (I-K, M and Gamma-Gamma [127] models). For 3 < σ 2 I < 4, the intensity statistics is given by K distribution.…”

Section: A Fso Uplink/downlinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques

Kaushal

Kaddoum

2017

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

1,353

721

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Abstract-In recent years, free space optical (FSO) communication has gained significant importance owing to its unique features: large bandwidth, license free spectrum, high data rate, easy and quick deployability, less power and low mass requirements. FSO communication uses optical carrier in the near infrared (IR) band to establish either terrestrial links within the Earth's atmosphere or inter-satellite/deep space links or ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground links. It also finds its applications in remote sensing, radio astronomy, military, disaster recovery, last mile access, backhaul for wireless cellular networks and many more. However, despite of great potential of FSO communication, its performance is limited by the adverse effects (viz., absorption, scattering and turbulence) of the atmospheric channel. Out of these three effects, the atmospheric turbulence is a major challenge that may lead to serious degradation in the bit error rate (BER) performance of the system and make the communication link infeasible. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on various challenges faced by FSO communication system for ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground and inter-satellite links. It also provide details of various performance mitigation techniques in order to have high link availability and reliability. The first part of the paper will focus on various types of impairments that pose a serious challenge to the performance of optical communication system for ground-to-satellite/satellite-to-ground and inter-satellite links. The latter part of the paper will provide the reader with an exhaustive review of various techniques both at physical layer as well as at the other layers (link, network or transport layer) to combat the adverse effects of the atmosphere. It also uniquely presents a recently developed technique using orbital angular momentum for utilizing the high capacity advantage of optical carrier in case of space-based and near-Earth optical communication links. This survey provides the reader with comprehensive details on the use of space-based optical backhaul links in order to provide high capacity and low cost backhaul solutions.

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Section: A Fso Uplink/downlinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques

Kaushal

Kaddoum

2017

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

1,353

721

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“…The K distribution represents a product of the exponential and Gamma distributions [5]. The K distribution of the irradiance at the receiver is given by [25]:…”

Section: Figure 1 Fso System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Average Bit Error Rate at Signal Transmission with OOK Modulation Scheme in Different FSO Channels

Todorovic¹,

Jakšić²,

Spalević³

et al. 2021

Teh. vjesn.

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In this paper, the Average Bit Error Rate of the signal in the Free Space Optical system modulated with On-Off keying scheme is calculated and analysed. The Average Bit Error Rate is determined in the case of an atmospheric channel modelled with Gamma-Gamma distribution, Log-Normal distribution, K distribution and I-K distribution. The results are presented both analytically and graphically for different lengths of the Free Space Optical link and the strength of the atmospheric turbulence. The quality of the received signal based on the Average Bit Error Rate for weak, moderate and strong atmospheric turbulences, different lengths of the transmission section and different Signal-to-Noise Ratio values was analysed. The operation of the Free Space Optical system in the observed environment was simulated and the transmission quality was analysed based on Bit Error Rate and Q factor.

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“…Theorem 7 (DMT of Negative Exponential Channel). Given a channel with distribution in (41), if l ≥ l NE th = n T − n R + 1, the optimal diversity order is given by…”

Section: Optimal Dmt Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 1 shows the derived outage diversity gain d out (r) under three different channel distributions, i.e., negative exponential, gamma-gamma, and log-normal channels. Besides, we choose two different values of ρ given in [41] to show their influence on the gamma-gamma channel, i.e., (1) ρ = 10.1614, (2) ρ = 17.4369. For negative exponential and gamma-gamma channels, d out (r) linearly decreases with the increasing r. For the log-normal channel, d out (r) tends to be infinite when r = 0 and returns to 0 when r takes the maximum value of 1.…”

Section: Optimal Dmt Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tradeoff between Diversity and Multiplexing Gains in Block Fading Optical Wireless Channels

Yang¹,

Li²,

Tang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) provides a fundamental performance metric for different multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) schemes in wireless communications. In this paper, we explore the block fading optical wireless communication (OWC) channels and characterize the DMT in the presence of both optical peak-and average-power constraints. Three different fading distributions are considered, which reflect different channel conditions. In each channel condition, we obtain the optimal DMT when the block length is sufficiently large, and we also derive the lower and upper bounds of the DMT curve when the block length is small. These results are dramatically different from the existing DMT results in radio-frequency (RF) channels. These differences may be due to the fact that the optical input signal is real and bounded, while its RF counterpart is usually complex and unbounded.Index terms -Peak-and average-power constraints, outage probability, average error probability, optical wireless communication, diversity-multiplexing tradeoff.Also, under a small block length, they found analogous DMT bounds as in (2), (3). The one-half factor in (4) reflects the loss of half of the degree of freedom compared with RF channels, which is due to the fact that optical inputs need to be real-valued. However, as mentioned before, inputs in OWC channels represent optical intensities, and hence their values must also be nonnegative. In fact, it is the nonnegativity of the optical inputs that significantly complicates the analysis of performance limits in OWC channels. Hence, directly applying half of the traditional RF MIMO capacity formula to calculate diversity gain in OWC channels cannot be theoretically justified. Also, the nonnegativity of optical inputs implies that the commonly used two-sided Gaussian random codes in RF channels are no longer admissible in OWC channels. Furthermore, due to the optical intensity inputs, the power constraints imposed on the inputs need to be described differently. All the above issues indicate the existing DMT results in RF channels cannot be directly extended here. Hence, how to characterize the optimal DMT in practical OWC channels still remains an open problem.

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Study on statistical models of atmospheric channel for FSO communication link

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques

Optical Communication in Space: Challenges and Mitigation Techniques

Average Bit Error Rate at Signal Transmission with OOK Modulation Scheme in Different FSO Channels

Tradeoff between Diversity and Multiplexing Gains in Block Fading Optical Wireless Channels

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