Study on the activation mechanism of lead ions in wolframite flotation using benzyl hydroxamic acid as the collector

Cheng, Liang; Zhang, Wencai; Song, Shaoxian; Li, Hongqiang

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2019.105859

Cited by 49 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…a). The dissociation equilibrium constant, pKa, of BHA (pKBHA) is between 8 and 9 (Elizondo-Álvarez et al, 2021, Liu et al, 2019, meaning that at lower pH values, it is predominantly in neutral form, as shown in Fig. 1a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…BHA is known for its ability to form strong chelates with metal ions (Adiguzel et al, 2017, Kozlov et al, 2013, Schraml, 2000. It has been evaluated as collector in froth flotation of wolframite (Liu et al, 2019, Yang et al, 2014, monazite and dolomite (Espiritu et al, 2018), cassiterite (Cao et al, 2020, ilmenite (Fang et al, 2018, smithsonite (Wang et al, 2017), malachite (Zhang et al, 2021), rutile (Cao et al, 2019), muscovite mica (He et al, 2018), scheelite (Han et al, 2017, Wei et al, 2020, and rhodochrosite (Cui et al, 2023) minerals, as well as including pyrochlore-bearing (Gibson et al, 2017, Gibson et al, 2015 and rare earth (Jordens et al, 2016) ores. The adsorption mechanism of hydroxamic acids on the mineral surfaces, which involves a combination of chemical and physical interactions, can vary depending on the type of mineral and frother, pH, temperature, and presence of other chemicals, such as metal cations in the flotation system (Khalil and Fazary, 2004, Pavez and Peres, 1993.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation into using benzohydroxamic acid as a collector for sulfide minerals

Mohammadi-Jam,

Li,

Rose

et al. 2023

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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The mining industry aims to promote responsible chemical use during mineral processing operations to minimize the chemical contamination. Hydroxamic acids, which can form strong chelates with metals, have been shown to have less health and environmental issues when compared to xanthate collectors. In this work, the performance of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) as a collector for galena, chalcopyrite, and quartz was evaluated. The minerals were conditioned with different concentrations (1.5, 3, and 4.5 kg/t) of collector at pHs 8, 9, and 10. The result showed that the treatment of the mineral surfaces with BHA enhanced the flotation recoveries of the sulfide minerals. High concentrations of benzohydroxamate anion, the protonic dissociation product of BHA, existed at basic pHs, where a chemical reaction between the anion and a metal cation on the mineral surface resulted in the adsorption of the collector onto the mineral surface. The microflotation results showed that the BHA collector was able to successfully recover galena and chalcopyrite. Their flotation recovery was dependent on the conditioning pH. Galena showed a high flotation recovery (up to 86%) at both pH 9 and 10, whereas chalcopyrite became most hydrophobic at pH values of 8 and 9 (up to 88%). None of the BHA concentrations or conditioning pHs was able to enhance quartz recovery beyond 7%. The research results have implications in the application of BHA for the froth flotation of galena and chalcopyrite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation into using benzohydroxamic acid as a collector for sulfide minerals

Mohammadi-Jam,

Li,

Rose

et al. 2023

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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“…The collector is a key factor and core technology used to realize the separation and enrichment of wolframite via foam flotation. Hydroxamic acid, which contains the -C(=O)NHOH functional group in its molecular structure, can form a ring with a metal atom, so it is often used as a flotation collector for tungsten ore [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, metal ions must be added as activators in the flotation process to promote the interaction between hydroxamic acid and wolframite mineral in order to obtain an ideal recovery rate of wolframite [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Bivalent metal ions such as Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , and Fe 2+ have been widely used in the activated flotation separation of wolframite as activators [ 2 , 4 , 13 ], but the active flotation of trivalent metal ion such as Fe 3+ in wolframite has been rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Aliphatic Hydroxamic Acid from Litsea cubeba Kernel Oil and Its Application to Flotation of Fe(III)-Activated Wolframite

Xiao,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Litsea cubeba is a characteristic woody oil resource in Hunan. As a solid waste of woody oil resources, Litsea cubeba kernels are rich in Litsea cubeba kernel oil with a carbon chain length of C10–12 fatty acid. In this work, aliphatic hydroxamic acids (AHAs) with carbon chain lengths of C10–12 were prepared from Litsea cubeba kernel oil via methylation and hydroximation reactions. The adsorption and hydrophobicity mechanism of AHA towards wolframite was explored by contact angle, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The flotation results demonstrated that AHA was a superior collector than the traditional collector such as benzoyl hydroxamic acid (BHA). Zeta potential and contact angle results have shown that AHA was adsorbed on the surface of the Fe(III)-activated wolframite in its anionic form, which significantly improved the surface hydrophobicity of wolframite. FTIR and XPS revealed that AHA was chemically adsorbed on the surface of Fe(III)-activated wolframite in the form of a five-member ring, which made the hydrophobic chain reach into the solution, come in contact with bubbles, and achieve flotation separation.

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“…However, these collectors still reveal the disadvantages of poor selectivity and water solubility, which need to be further studied [15]. Benzo hydroxamic acid (BHA) is recognized to have good selectivity for tungsten minerals; however, Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , which pollutes the environment, still needs to be added to improve the flotation [16,17]. Han et al developed a new high-efficiency collector Pb-BHA, applied to scheelite flotation and achieved satisfactory flotation results [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Mechanism of the Fe-BHA Chelates in Scheelite Flotation

et al. 2022

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Scheelite associated with calcium-containing minerals such as calcite and fluorite is difficult to separate by flotation because of the Ca ions contained in the mineral lattices, which cause scheelite to have similar surface properties and floatability to gangue minerals. Traditional collectors such as oleic acid need to add a large amount of sodium silicate as gangue inhibitors, which causes difficulties for the settlement of tailings. In addition, the use of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA), which needs the addition of Pb(NO3)2 as the scheelite activator, can also cause environmental pollution. In this paper, Fe-BHA, a new collector containing the iron complex, was studied to investigate its flotation ability of scheelite, as well as its BHA/FeCl3 ratio on scheelite flotations. In the single mineral flotations, the Fe-BHA showed a significant difference in the flotation recoveries of scheelite and calcite, with a scheelite recovery of 77.03% at pH 8.0 and calcite recovery of 16.69% at the same pH. The results of the roughing tests of Xianglushan actual ore showed that the scheelite with Fe-BHA (500 g/t BHA and 200 g/t FeCl3) and 40 g/t oleic acid as collectors obtained satisfactory flotation results with a WO3 grade of 1.56% and WO3 recovery of 65.52%, which were much higher than those of scheelite with BHA or oleic acid as the collector, but there was still a gap with those of scheelite using Pb(NO3)2 as activation and BHA as the collector. The UV-Vis curves of the Fe-BHA with different BHA/FeCl3 ratios indicated that the Fe-BHA chelates might have several different structural forms, and the single mineral tests of the BHA/FeCl3 ratios showed that when the molar ratio of benzohydroxamic acid to FeCl3 was about 1.2:1, the best scheelite flotation result was obtained in this test. In addition, the XPS analyses proved that the adsorption of the Fe-BHA on the scheelite surface occurred, and by fitting the peaks of Ca 2p and O 1s of scheelite, it was found that the mechanism of the Fe-BHA acting on the Ca sites of the scheelite surface was through the removal of H2O from the Ca-OH of scheelite and Fe-OH from Fe-BHA to form Fe-O-H.

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Study on the activation mechanism of lead ions in wolframite flotation using benzyl hydroxamic acid as the collector

Cited by 49 publications

References 27 publications

An investigation into using benzohydroxamic acid as a collector for sulfide minerals

An investigation into using benzohydroxamic acid as a collector for sulfide minerals

Preparation of Aliphatic Hydroxamic Acid from Litsea cubeba Kernel Oil and Its Application to Flotation of Fe(III)-Activated Wolframite

Study of the Mechanism of the Fe-BHA Chelates in Scheelite Flotation

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