Study on the chemical modification of alkali lignin towards for cellulase adsorbent application

Mou, Hongyan; Huang, Jin; Li, Weiying; Wu, Xiao; Liu, Yibei; Fan, Huili

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.229

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, Santos et al showed polydispersity values of 6.73 for fractions of Eucalyptus kraft lignin obtained at pH 4.0 and Kim et al 1.41 for fractions of Miscanthus sacchariflorus organosolv lignin obtained at pH still alkaline, indicating that such factors can be attributed to extraction processes and botanical sources of lignin used. Still, in Wang’s et al study fractionation from steam-exploded lignin extracted from corn stalk showed a polydispersity of pH 5.3 fraction equal to 3.54, while fractions obtained from black liquor of Miscanthus sinensis at pH 5.4 polydispersity index of 1.62 in Toledano’s et al investigation, which reinforces the possibility that the origin of lignin or extraction processes are determining factors. ,,,,− ,,,− …”

Section: Lignin Fractionation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Lignin Fractionation Methods: Can Lignin Fractions Be Separated in a True Industrial Process?

Rodrigues

Lima

Araújo

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Lignin is among one of the largest natural resources in the world, with aromatic structures that can serve as a raw material in the synthesis of high value-added chemicals, the production of bioenergy, and the development of carbon-based products, among others. A better understanding of the chemical structure of lignin and its valorization methods is necessary to overcome current technological challenges for industrial scale applications. The main challenge found to provide the most abundant source of aromatics in the world is the fractionation of lignin. Current studies propose a way to fractionate lignin to obtain more homogeneous and less complex fractions, because of the fact that aromatic compounds are essential intermediates in the manufacture of polymers, and lignin is the main source of biologically aromatic-based substrates. Numerous review articles have addressed research aimed at understanding the structure of lignin, however, a limited focus has been given to its fractionation methods. This article aims to review papers published in recent years using different lignin fractionation techniques, focusing on the four main types of fractionations: in organic solvents, gel permeation chromatography in preparatory scale, ultrafiltration and precipitation by varying acid gradient. This a Review summarizes the most recent innovations in the area of biorefineries for the chemical valorization of lignin derived from various botanical sources through different fractionation methods.

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Section: Lignin Fractionation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Lignin Fractionation Methods: Can Lignin Fractions Be Separated in a True Industrial Process?

Rodrigues

Lima

Araújo

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Aromatic condensation (phenolation) in an acid medium modifies lignin by altering its chemical reactivity (Taleb et al 2020;Thébault et al 2020). This is because the concentration of phenolic hydroxyl groups is increased, augmenting the number of reactive sites for polymer synthesis and functionalization (Mou et al 2020). However, for bioprocessing applications, an increment in free phenolic hydroxyl groups may be harmful because these reactive sites can be inhibitory to hydrolases such as cellulases (Mou et al 2020).…”

Section: Phenolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because the concentration of phenolic hydroxyl groups is increased, augmenting the number of reactive sites for polymer synthesis and functionalization (Mou et al 2020). However, for bioprocessing applications, an increment in free phenolic hydroxyl groups may be harmful because these reactive sites can be inhibitory to hydrolases such as cellulases (Mou et al 2020). Lignin phenolation takes place through different reaction mechanisms (Zhang et al 2019a).…”

Section: Phenolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7) had maximum cellulase adsorption capacities of 842.1 and 911.4 mg g -1 , respectively, compared to 76.5 mg g -1 of the starting material. The enzymes were removed from both phenolated lignins by changing the pH from 10 to 4.8, with LigP adsorbing ten times more cellulases than lignin without modification (Mou et al 2020). Compared to LigR, LigP provided a better enzyme migration to fresh cellulosic materials during the enzymatic hydrolysis stage, with LigP-desorbed enzymes displaying a higher total cellulase activity and a better hydrolysis performance.…”

Section: Phenolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignin functionalization strategies and the potential applications of its derivatives – A Review

Suota

Kochepka

Moura

et al. 2021

BioRes

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Lignin is one of the most important and widespread carbon sources on Earth. Significant amounts of lignin are delivered to the market by pulp mills and biorefineries, and there have been many efforts to develop routes for its valorization. Over the years, lignin has been used to produce biobased chemicals, materials, and advanced biofuels on the basis of its variable functionalities and physicochemical properties. Today, lignin’s applications are still limited by its heterogeneity, variability, and low reactivity. Thus, modification technologies have been developed to allow lignin to be suitable for a wider range of attractive industrial applications. The most common modifications used for this purpose include amination, methylation, demethylation, phenolation, sulfomethylation, oxyalkylation, acylation or esterification, epoxidation, phosphorylation, nitration, and sulfonation. This article reviews the chemistry involved in these lignin modification technologies, discussing their effect on the finished product while presenting some market perspectives and future outlook to utilize lignin in sustainable biorefineries.

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“…Therefore, the lignin structure must be modified to improve its performance and expand its applicability. Lignin has been modified with phenolic reagents for application in cellulase adsorption [10]. J. Miao et al [11] prepared a threedimensional porous graphene oxide/alkali lignin aerogel composite material and studied its methylene blue adsorption performance in water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of calcium lignin from pulping waste liquor and application for the treatment middle-stage wastewater of paper making

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2021

Environmental Technology

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In order to obtain a lignin-based adsorbent with low cost, simple operation and no further modification, a calcium lignin adsorbent was prepared from chemical mechanical pulping (CMP) waste liquor by directly calcification from lime. The calcium lignin was characterized by BET, SEM, TEM, FT-IR and solid-state NMR analyses. The results showed that the molecular structure of the calcium lignin particles did not change when compared to sodium lignin, the formation mechanism of calcium lignin was revealed. The initial COD and lignin contents of CMP waste liquid were 54858 mg/L and 24.39 g/L, the conversion rate of lignin can reach 71.36% when was deal with lime. Thus, most of the lignin resources in the waste liquid were recovered. The middle-stage wastewater (MSWW) of pulping and papermaking was dealt with calcium lignin, the COD removal rate was up to 85.83%. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics were well fitted by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. Lime was regenerated from the used calcium lignin with high-temperature calcination, the conversion rate of calcium ions can reach 83.56%. Overall, the calcium lignin prepared by the one-step method exhibited great potential for effectively removing COD from middle-stage wastewater.

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Study on the chemical modification of alkali lignin towards for cellulase adsorbent application

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Lignin Fractionation Methods: Can Lignin Fractions Be Separated in a True Industrial Process?

Lignin Fractionation Methods: Can Lignin Fractions Be Separated in a True Industrial Process?

Lignin functionalization strategies and the potential applications of its derivatives – A Review

Characteristics of calcium lignin from pulping waste liquor and application for the treatment middle-stage wastewater of paper making

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