Abstract:The anhydride curing agent of 3,6-enodro-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (OBPA) and the reactive epoxy diluent of furfuryl glycidyl ether (FGE) were prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR). The curing reaction kinetics process of an EP/OBPA/FGE epoxy system was studied by non-isothermal DSC methods. The parameters of the kinetics were calculated using the Kissinger model, Crnae model, Ozawa model and b-T (temperature-heating sp… Show more
“…Moreover, the peak at 1725 cm −1 corresponding to C=O of -COOH on GO shifted to 1720 cm −1 owing to the formation of C-O bond in bGO. In addition, the peak at 915 cm −1 of bGO disappeared, which also indicated the forming reaction between BFDE and GO 19 . Figure 2 Structural and morphological characterization: ( a ) FTIR spectra, ( b ) Raman spectra, ( c ) XRD spectra, and ( d ) TGA curves.…”
In this work, the functional graphene oxide (bGO) was facilely synthesized through a grafted reaction between graphene oxide (GO) and bio-based bis-furan di-epoxide (BFDE). The structure of bGO was confirmed by FTIR spectra and Raman spectra. The properties of polymer composite materials depend on the distribution of the nanofiller in the matrix and due to the presence of polymer chains our bGO sheets exhibit a better dispersibility in solvents and polymer matrix, which provides a potential opportunity for the preparation of BFDE composites with excellent performance. Bio-based BFDE composites containing 0.05–0.5 wt.% of bGO exhibit superior mechanical and thermal properties. The addition of just 0.5 wt% such bGO to an BFDE causes 80%, 49%, 21%, 69% and 97% enhancement in tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, critical stress intensity factor and critical strain energy release rate, respectively. The thermal decomposition temperature Td of bGO/BFDE composites was increased about ~17 °C compared to blank BFDE sample. In addition, we found that introducing unmodified GO to epoxy matrix lead to an insignificant increase of the thermal property of the resulting GO/BFDE composites. The enhanced mechanical properties and thermal properties of bGO/BFDE composites could be attributed to strong interfacial interactions and high affinity between bGO and epoxy matrix.
“…Moreover, the peak at 1725 cm −1 corresponding to C=O of -COOH on GO shifted to 1720 cm −1 owing to the formation of C-O bond in bGO. In addition, the peak at 915 cm −1 of bGO disappeared, which also indicated the forming reaction between BFDE and GO 19 . Figure 2 Structural and morphological characterization: ( a ) FTIR spectra, ( b ) Raman spectra, ( c ) XRD spectra, and ( d ) TGA curves.…”
In this work, the functional graphene oxide (bGO) was facilely synthesized through a grafted reaction between graphene oxide (GO) and bio-based bis-furan di-epoxide (BFDE). The structure of bGO was confirmed by FTIR spectra and Raman spectra. The properties of polymer composite materials depend on the distribution of the nanofiller in the matrix and due to the presence of polymer chains our bGO sheets exhibit a better dispersibility in solvents and polymer matrix, which provides a potential opportunity for the preparation of BFDE composites with excellent performance. Bio-based BFDE composites containing 0.05–0.5 wt.% of bGO exhibit superior mechanical and thermal properties. The addition of just 0.5 wt% such bGO to an BFDE causes 80%, 49%, 21%, 69% and 97% enhancement in tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, critical stress intensity factor and critical strain energy release rate, respectively. The thermal decomposition temperature Td of bGO/BFDE composites was increased about ~17 °C compared to blank BFDE sample. In addition, we found that introducing unmodified GO to epoxy matrix lead to an insignificant increase of the thermal property of the resulting GO/BFDE composites. The enhanced mechanical properties and thermal properties of bGO/BFDE composites could be attributed to strong interfacial interactions and high affinity between bGO and epoxy matrix.
“…Upon increasing the heating rate, the exothermic peak shifts to a higher temperature. In general, the activation energy of a curing reaction was calculated using two well‐known methods, the Kissinger and Ozawa methods, respectively …”
Herein, reporting a simple, sustainable, and cost-effective chemical synthesis of a star-shaped silicon-containing arylacetylene (SSA) resin via a one-pot process using zinc powder as a catalyst. The as-prepared viscous liquid resins exhibited moderate rheological behavior. The thermal curing temperature was determined to be 203 C using differential scanning calorimetry, which is much lower than that reported for polyimide and phthalonitrile (>300 C), indicating the SSA resins are suitable for processing at a lower temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis also revealed the excellent thermal stability and extremely high carbon residue of the cured SSA resin (the temperature at 5% mass loss and residual yield at 800 C under N 2 were 654 C and 93%, respectively). The results showed the excellent processability and thermal stability of SSA resin.
“…This phenomenon was due to the increased heat generated by per unit time with rise in heating rate. 46 The corresponding linear fitting line of HPVIGEP/MeTHPA curing characteristic temperature T-heating rate beta was shown in Figure 4(b). The corresponding curing temperatures could be confirmed as the intercept temperatures when the heating rate β was 0 C/min.…”
Vanillin, a rigid compound can be separated from lignin, is a promising sustainable candidate for industrial and high performance polymers, while synthesis of hexa-epoxies is challenging. Meanwhile, carbon fiber reinforced biobased polymers combining high performance are more difficult to be achieved because of the contradictions of liquidity and high rigidity in the polymer structure and performance. In this paper, a novel hexa-epoxy functionalized bio-based epoxy resin (HPVIGEP) with a multi-arm star structure, which simultaneously reduced the viscosity and improved thermo-mechanical properties. The rheological behavior analysis results of HPVIGEP indicated that the viscosity was 3406.9 mPaÁs at 25 C, which dramatically decreased by 75.8% compared to DGEBA (14,096 mPaÁs), leading to excellent processability and adaptability. At the same time, the study on mechanical properties revealed that the cured HPVIGEP manifested 30.6%, 33.7% and 49.0% in higher tensile strength, tensile modulus and storage modulus (30 C) than of cured commercial epoxy, respectively. The tensile strength and flexural strength of carbon fiber composites which were applied HPVIGEP were increased by 9.3% and 10.9%, respectively. In a word, this work provides the promise for the application of environmentally friendly bio-based composite materials.
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