Study on the effect of varying volume fraction on mechanical properties of coconut shell powder reinforced epoxy matrix composites

Kumar, Mohan; Bala, Abhishek; Prithviraj, M; Raghavendra,; Prasad, V.V.R.

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/376/1/012097

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In addition, many types of researches that used CSP in different polymer matrices such as epoxy resin, 73,29,15,11 Polyurethane Matrix, 74 polyester ester resin, 21,22 and polylactic acid 3 were carried out. However, all of these researches were performed using destructive testing methods to characterize biocomposites.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, CSP proved as a candidate to obtain novel biocomposites that have better properties compared with non‐degradable fillers 19,20 . It was figured out that increasing the amount of CSP in the different kinds of matrix systems such as polyester, 21,22 polylactic acid, 23 polyethylene, 24 and epoxy resin 23,25,11 increases Young's modulus, tensile modulus, and tensile strength of biocomposites compared with neat matrices. However, the chemical structure of CSP includes the lignin (29.4%), pentosans (27.7%), cellulose (26.6%), hemicellulose (21%), solvent extractives (4.2%), uronic anhydrides (3.5%), and ash (0.6%) 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was stated that surface treatment by acrylic acid enhances the filler‐matrix interaction, and forms the PLA/CSP biocomposites that have higher elasticity modulus but lower tensile strength. Kumar, et al 22 prepared the epoxy resin (ER)/CSP biocomposites. Their research showed that increasing the amount of CSP in ER increases the compressive strength of biocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and ultrasonic characterization of modified epoxy resin/coconut shell powder biocomposites

Oral

Kocaman

Ahmetli

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new bio‐based epoxy resin (BER) is produced by the esterification reaction between sebacic acid (SAc) as bio‐based acid and epichlorohydrin (ECH). The epoxy resin (ER) is modified with the BER. The biocomposites are prepared using untreated coconut shell powder (CSP), modified coconut shell powder (MCSP), and MER. The CSP and MCSP particles are mixed with MER in varied compositions (10–50 wt%) for preparation of the MER/CSP and MER/MCSP biocomposites. The influences of CSP and MCSP bio‐fillers amounts on the physical properties (density, elastic constants, acoustic impedance, ultrasonic micro‐hardness, and attenuation coefficient) of biocomposites are investigated using the ultrasonic pulse‐echo overlap method (PEOM). It was seen that the densities, both ultrasonic longitudinal and shear waves' velocity values of obtained biocomposites were higher than those of the MER. All elastic moduli of the MER/MCSP biocomposites have higher values than of the neat MER and MER/CSP biocomposites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and ultrasonic characterization of modified epoxy resin/coconut shell powder biocomposites

Oral

Kocaman

Ahmetli

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…This shell possesses good strength and modulus, it is rigid and usually grown in the tropical areas of Africa. Coconut shell in previous researches has shown the ability to improve the compressive strength when incorporated into epoxy matrix 40 . More so 41 , proved that treatment of coconut shell with 1% NaOH solution increased the mechanical properties and thermal stability of unsaturated polyester when homogenous dispersion was achieved between the matrix and reinforcement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of bamboo fiber/particulate coconut shell hybrid PVC composite

Adediran

Akinwande

Balogun

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Bamboo fibers (BF) treated in 1.3 Molar NaOH and particulate coconut shell (PCS) sieved to − 45 µm were incorporated into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix towards improving the properties of PVC composite for ceiling boards and insulating pipes which sags and degrade with time needing improvement in properties. The process was carried out via compression moulding applying 0.2 kPa pressure and carried out at a temperature of 170 °C. Composites developed were grouped according to their composition. Groups A, B, C, and D were infused with 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt% PCS at constant amount, respectively. Each group was intermixed with a varying proportions of BF (0–30 wt% at 5% interval). Tests carried out on the samples produced revealed that the yield strength, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, modulus of rupture were enhanced with increasing BF proportion from 0 to 30 wt% BF at 2 wt% constant PCS input. Thermal and electrical properties trended downward as the fiber content reduced even as the hardness was enhanced with PCS/BF intermix which was also reflected in the wear loss index. Impact strength was highest on the infix of 4 wt% PCS and 15 wt% BF. Compressive strength was better boasted with increasing fiber and PCS amount but 8 wt% PCS amounted to depreciation in trend. It was generally observed that PCS performed optimally at 2 wt% incorporation while beyond that resulted in lowering of strength. Blending of the two variable inputs; 0–30 wt% BF and 2 wt% PCS presented better enhancement in properties.

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“…Furthermore, it has been established that the mechanical properties of coconut fiber powder and walnut fiber powder are almost similar to those of steel specimens (SSs). 52 This has been proved by metallography testing, which determined the tensile strength, impact strength, and hardness. Table 7 presents the results for the tensile strength of coconut powder, walnut powder, and SS.…”

Section: Csp Reinforced Mmcsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comprehensive review of coconut shell powder composites: Preparation, processing, and characterization

Nadzri

Sultan

Shah

et al. 2020

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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Coconut shell is an agricultural residue, usually disposed of through open burning. Toxic gases have been emitted from the open burning phase and can therefore be detrimental to human health and the environment. Thus, to reduce the risk of pollution, researchers have developed a new technology by using agro-wastes to produce biocomposites. Coconut shell powder (CSP) is a solid nonfood waste, which can be potentially exploited to reduce the usage of synthetic fiber. Coconut shell is also low-cost and low weight material that can be used to reduce the production cost of and fuel consumption for transportation. This review has focused on the research carried out on the CSP loaded into different types of matrices, highlighting the fundamental, mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of CSP composites. This article also provides critical review of the development for CSP composite and the summary of the results presented in the literature, focusing in the properties of CSP with polymeric matrices and the application design for economical products.

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Study on the effect of varying volume fraction on mechanical properties of coconut shell powder reinforced epoxy matrix composites

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Preparation and ultrasonic characterization of modified epoxy resin/coconut shell powder biocomposites

Preparation and ultrasonic characterization of modified epoxy resin/coconut shell powder biocomposites

Experimental evaluation of bamboo fiber/particulate coconut shell hybrid PVC composite

A comprehensive review of coconut shell powder composites: Preparation, processing, and characterization

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