Study on the ethnobotany of medicinal plants by people in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Nahdi MS, Kurniawan AP. 2019. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in karst environment in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 133-141. The use of traditional medicinal plants has been a culture of the people in Yogyakarta including in Gunung Kidul District. This research aims to reveal information on medicinal plants in karst environment in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia by focusing on how medicinal plants are used, managed and inherited by the community. The research was conducted in Planjan Village and Giricahyo Village in Gunung Kidul District from June to September 2018. The method used in collecting data was exploratory survey and Participatory Rural Appraisal. Data of community knowledge and uses of medicinal plants were obtained through in-depth interview and structured interview. The identification of species was applied to every plant used. The study found that there are 46 species from 26 families used by the people in the two villages for medical treatments with the largest number of species is from Zingiberaceae family, followed by Fabaceae and Rutaceae. The medicinal plants are mostly packaged into six herbal medicinal plants called jamu beras kencur, kunir asem, paitan, kebyokan (uyup uyup), sirih and temu lawak with different compositions and efficacies. The result showed that people's knowledge about medicinal plants is obtained from elders who have a long experience in making concoction and trading the medicinal plants as traditional herbal medicine. In addition, the people are also obtained additional knowledge from any sources to make the medical plants to have economic value to improve their welfare. Most of the medicinal plants are obtained from the outside of the villages since it is impossible to cultivate in karst soils. Thus, the study is expected to help develop the local potential of medicinal plants to become more modern, can support the conservation of local wisdom and plant biodiversity, as well as be used as a source of material for developing national database on medicinal plant and its usage.

Review: The conservation of Tengger indigenous people's traditional knowledge of biological natural resource‐based disease treatments

“…This was classified into agricultural, scientific, ecological, medicine (including related medicine and remedies), as well as biodiversity knowledge (WIPO). In addition, the world is familiar with various arts, including batik, dance, paintings, sculptures, recipes, traditional home architecture, and concoctions of Indonesian medicinal plants, and this is consistent with the WHO's report on Indonesia, showing the presence of around 20,000 medicinal plant species (Kusmana and Hikmat 2015;Nahdi et al 2019;Rohman et al 2019), needed to provide adequate welfare. However, the repeated practice of this knowledge allegedly passed down from previous generations, devises the term traditional knowledge (Kusumadara 2011;Janke 2019).…”

Indonesian threatened Zingiberaceae: Exploring their potential traditional and modern uses

“…Another example, ailments such as cholesterol, cold, cough, fever, hypertension, and rheumatic conditions can be alleviated using species from any of the three genera specified in Table 2. As a note, Zingiberaceae species are not only utilized individually in traditional medicine but are also combined with other Zingiberaceae species or even with species from other plant families [21,22,28].…”

Kajian Literatur: Etnomedisin sebagai Analgesik di Indonesia

“…Sedangkan pada masyarakat Rongkong, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Lamaknen, NTT, jahe digunakan untuk mengurangi sakit kepala [9], [11]. Jahe juga digunakan untuk mengatasi nyeri otot pada masyarakat di Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta [8].…”

“…Masyarakat di Buleleng, Bali menggunakan sirih dengan cara daun diremas kemudian ditumbuk, dan digunakan secara topikal [15]. Studi yang dilakukan di Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, menemukan bahwa sirih digunakan sebagai analgesik untuk mengatasi sakit perut dengan UV 0,06 [8].…”

“…Di berbagai penelitian, diketahui bahwa kandungan antosianin yang ada pada beras dapat memberikan efek positif terhadap efek antiinflamasi [19]. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta, menemukan bahwa masyarakat menggunakan padi untuk mengatasi nyeri otot dengan UV 0,04 [8]. Di Buleleng, Bali, biji tanaman padi digunakan untuk mengatasi kram dengan UV 1,40 [15].…”