Study on the indoor exposure factors of phthalates using bio-monitoring data

Abstract

Phthalate is an endocrine disruptor that interferes with homeostasis and developmental regulation. It is highly toxic to the environment and is associated with various diseases of the human body. Using biological samples from 140 adult subjects, to evaluate the influencing factors which are related to contaminant concentration levels, we used correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Lastly, in order to analyze the health effects related to exposure to phthalates, we conducted a risk assessment by estimating acceptable daily intake exposure according to the influential factors. When we compared the concentration level according to influential factors, in general, the subjects who had engaged in home remodeling work had higher urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations levels than the subjects who had not engaged in home remodeling work. We can confirm statistically significant differences in DBP metabolites. In addition, we can confirm the concentration appeared higher in the categories such as using air freshener, sofa and foods. Through conducting a risk assessment of DEHP, BBzP, DiBP, and DnBP by using data on phthalate metabolite concentration in urine, it was found that the average concentration of all metabolites did not exceed TDI.

Calculation of the Theoretical Total Amount Ratio of Di(2-ethyl-hexyl) Phthalate in Indoor Air and Floor Dust in a Test House

“…(DINP).등과.같 은.프탈레이트.함유.가능성이.있는.다양한.합성수지.제품의.사 용이.실내공간에서의.프탈레이트의.노출수준을.결정하는.주 요.원인임이.알려져.있다. [4][5][6][7] .바이오모니터링.연구들에서도.실 내공간.내.머무는.시간이.많은.현대생활.특성이.반영되어.일 정.수준.농도.이상의.다양한.프탈레이트가.체내에.존재한다고. 보고하고.있다.…”

“…보고하고.있다. [7][8][9] .특히,.실내공간의.필수적인.구성요소인.바닥 재.및.벽지는.제품.내.가소성을.부여하기.위하여.필수적으로. DEHP,.DINP와.같은.프탈레이트가.함유되어야.하므로.프탈레 이트의.주요.노출원이.된다.…”

“…DEHP,.DINP와.같은.프탈레이트가.함유되어야.하므로.프탈레 이트의.주요.노출원이.된다. 7,[10][11][12] .실내공간.내.바닥재.및.벽지. 내.함유된.프탈레이트는.피부접촉을.통한.노출.그리고.프탈레 이트.방출에.따른.실내공기.흡입을.통해.주로.노출되고.있다.…”

Phthalate Exposure Levels and Related Factors in the Urban Low-Income Group: Focus on a Residential Disadvantaged Community

“…실내 바닥에 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)를 사 용한 경우나 6개월 이내 리모델링한 경우, 건축연도가 오래된 경우 소변 중 프탈레이트 대사체 또는 실내 먼지 중 프탈레이트 의 농도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] 그러나 나무, 리놀륨 등 다양한 마감재를 사용하는 국외 주택과 다르게, 15,16)…”

“…또한 가구소득이 낮은 비백인 또는 여성에 서 소변 중 MiBP, MnBP가 높다고 보고되었다. 5,11) 기존의 연구들에서 오래된 건물에 거주하는 것이 소변 중 프 탈레이트 대사체의 농도를 높인다는 것이 밝혀져, [16][17][18] 는 것으로 알려져 있다. 30,31) 기존의 연구에서 냉장 음식 보관…”