In this paper, low-cost electrochemical processing and
heat treatment
were adopted to fabricate titanium alloy surfaces with switchable
wettability. Meanwhile, surface structure, roughness, and oxide content
were regulated by electrochemical processing voltage. The effects
of surface structure, roughness, oxide content, temperature, and time
of heat treatment on switchable wettability were investigated. In
addition to suitable structural conditions, surface chemistry is also
crucial to preparing metal surfaces with switchable wettability. The
surface chemistry of electrochemical processed surfaces was changed
by organic matter transfer during heat treatment. In a certain voltage
range, suitable surface structure, high roughness, and surface oxide
content by high voltage contribute to the organic matter transfer.
In a certain range of heating temperature and time, the concentration
difference of organic matter is the premise of organic matter transfer.
Concurrently, the higher the temperature, the faster the speed of
organic matter transfer. Different from other relevant studies, the
hypothesis that the concentration difference promotes organic matter
transfer is proposed and verified by interesting experiments. The
difference concentration of organic matter between the environment
and the samples, as well as between the two samples, was created to
promote organic matter transfer. Therefore, the electrochemical processed
surfaces with switchable wettability were obtained by organic matter
transfer in two ways.