Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Zhang, Jing; Lai, Yuanming; Yan-hu, Zhao; Li, Shuangyang

doi:10.1002/ppp.2080

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…where the height is the distance from the bottom of the soil column where the salt starts to precipitate. The graph shows that the salt first starts to precipitate from the top of the soil column [15][16][17][18] . During the experiment, as the temperature rises the water is gradually evaporated, so that the content of salt in the solution inside the soil column is higher than the solubility, thus causing the salt to crystallize and precipitate 19,20 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on deterioration mechanism of soil in Zhouqiao site under salinization

Yue

Gao

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Alkalinity production is one of the most typical and widespread salinization hazards on the Loess Plateau. Based on the characterization of typical flooding sites and the results of salt monitoring, this study investigates the deterioration mechanism of salinization on Zhouqiao site. The orthogonal test was used to simulate the effects of different concentrations of MgSO4, NaCl and CaCl2 under natural conditions on the quality change, salt analysis out location, surface phenomenon, strength and electrical conductivity of the soil at the Zhouqiao site, and to make a preliminary analysis on the mechanism of saline deterioration of the site soil. The results show that the soil column mass increased significantly under the action of salt, and the rate of salt absorption in the soil column decreased when the critical value was reached, and the critical values were different under the action of different kinds of salts. The rate of salt analysis is also influenced by the salt concentration and the number of cycles, which gradually increases with the increase of salt concentration and the number of cycles. The nominal strength of the soil column with the number of cycles, but occasionally increases. The conductivity increases with the number of cycles, and the magnitude distribution of the conductivity of the soil column under the action of different salts is not exactly the same.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on deterioration mechanism of soil in Zhouqiao site under salinization

Yue

Gao

Zhao

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Pore distribution is an inherent property of soil particles and can be measured by Mercury intrusion porosimetry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy method, etc. ; Pore water activity is controlled by ion species and their concentrations, which can be determined based on the Pitzer theory (Pitzer, 1991;J. Zhang, 2020).…”

Section: The Developed Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…J. Spencer (J. Zhang, 2020) fitting method by real calculations. We found that the former was better than the latter.…”

Section: Water Activity Of the Pore Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason for the use of the term "most cases" is that some researchers have observed when the cooling rate is slow or the salt content increases; the supercooling is "hidden" under certain conditions. Therefore, soil samples are not always supercooled significantly during the freezing process (Kozlowski, 2003;Ren & Vanapalli, 2019, 2020Wan et al, 2015;C. Wang et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Study on the Supercooling Characteristics of Freezing Soil Based On Nucleation Theory

Wang,

Li,

Lin

et al. 2023

Water Resources Research

Self Cite

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The clarification of freezing in a soil‐water system is critical for assessing the formation of a freezing zone and liquid water flow. The supercooling phenomenon of soil pore solutions has been found during the freezing process, but the mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we propose a free energy function of soil‐water systems based on the Classical Nucleation Theory. The analytical solution of the critical nucleation problem of saline soil‐water system is obtained by combining the initial freezing temperature model and Pitzer activity coefficients model in electrolyte solutions. Then, the freezing‐thawing experiments of saline soil with various salt contents were conducted for verifying the analytical solution. The derived boundary nucleation rate is the quantitative solution of the critical condition for the supercooling. The findings suggested that the theory results agreed well with the experiment results. For the salt‐free soil‐water system, the critical maximum radius of supercooling was 7.15 nm. We compared eight classical ice‐water interfacial tension models, and the “Reinhardt & Doye” and “DeMott & Rogers” models showed excellent performance when using the new free energy theoretical framework to predict the crystallization nucleation rate of soil‐water systems. A positive correlation between the boundary nucleation rate and soil‐water potential is detected. According to the influencing factors, the boundary nucleation rate of soil‐water system can be divided into three zones: salt nature control zone (R > 100 μm), salt‐pore mixed control zone (100 μm > R > 100 nm), and pore size control zone (R < 100 nm).

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“…Salt heaving mainly occurred in the later period of saline soil with low salt content. e higher the soluble salt content, the smaller the thermal conductivity and permeability coefficient of the soil sample [27] and the greater the contribution of salt swelling to soil deformation [13,28,29]. At the same time, salt also migrated with water and be excluded to unfrozen water in the freezing process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Salt‐Frost Heaving Rules and Mechanical Properties of Chlorite Saline Soil along the Duku Highway under Freezing‐Thawing Action

Huang

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Aiming to investigate salt-frost heaving rules and the mechanical properties of natural saline soil along the Duku Highway subjected to multiple freezing-thawing cycles, we collected natural saline soil samples from the alluvial-proluvial plain in front of the Dushanzi Mountain at the starting point of the Duku Highway. Then, we conducted mineral composition analysis tests, essential laboratory physical property measurement, large scale multiple freezing-thawing cyclic salt-frost heaving tests, shear strength tests, and unconfined compressive strength tests on the samples. According to the test results presented, the collected saline soil differed from saline soil in other regions and fell into “chlorite saline soils.” As the number of freezing-thawing cycles increased, the overall salt-frost heaving capacity increased and then decreased in the freezing process but first reduced and then increased in the thawing process. Thus, the salt-frost heaving capacity was cumulative in freezing/thawing cycles. The peak salt-frost heaving capacity reached a maximum after 1 freezing-thawing cycle and then dropped drastically and fluctuated regularly. After 6 freezing-thawing cycles, the displacement deformation and time formed a new equilibrium. After 7 freezing-thawing cycles, the displacement and deformation of the soil no longer appear negative. As the number of freezing-thawing cycles increased, the cohesive force of saline soil first increased and then dropped steadily, the internal friction angle first dropped and then increased steadily, and the unconfined shear strength first increased and then decreased. These research results provided data supporting the prevention and controlling highway saline soil disasters with insightful references for the other projects in this region.

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Study on the mechanism of crystallization deformation of sulfate saline soil during the unidirectional freezing process

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Study on deterioration mechanism of soil in Zhouqiao site under salinization

Study on deterioration mechanism of soil in Zhouqiao site under salinization

Study on the Supercooling Characteristics of Freezing Soil Based On Nucleation Theory

Investigation of Salt‐Frost Heaving Rules and Mechanical Properties of Chlorite Saline Soil along the Duku Highway under Freezing‐Thawing Action

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