Study on the physiology of diapause, cold hardiness and supercooling point of overwintering pupae of the pistachio fruit hull borer, Arimania comaroffi

Bemani, Marjan; Izadi, Hamzeh; Mahdian, Kamran; Khani, Abbas; Samih, Mohammad Amin

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.04.003

Cited by 60 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We observed higher levels of trehalose and sorbitol, which are consistent with previous reports [5], [19], as well as a higher level of myo-inositol during diapause initiation. Higher levels of trehalose, sorbitol and myo-inositol have also been observed in diapausing pistachio fruit hull borer ( Arimania comaroffi ) pupae during overwintering [26]. Although glycerol is a well-known cryoprotectant that has been found in other diapausing insects [6], [16], [27], [28], we did not detect a higher glycerol level in the hemolymph and brain of diapausing H. armigera , which is consistent with a previous study [5].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Global Metabolomic Analyses of the Hemolymph and Brain during the Initiation, Maintenance, and Termination of Pupal Diapause in the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera

Zhāng

Xü

2014

PLoS ONE

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A strategy known as diapause (developmental arrest) has evolved in insects to increase their survival rate under harsh environmental conditions. Diapause causes a dramatic reduction in the metabolic rate and drastically extends lifespan. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the metabolic changes involved. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we compared the changes in the metabolite levels in the brain and hemolymph of nondiapause- and diapause-destined cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, during the initiation, maintenance, and termination of pupal diapause. A total of 55 metabolites in the hemolymph and 52 metabolites in the brain were detected. Of these metabolites, 21 and 12 metabolite levels were altered in the diapause pupal hemolymph and brain, respectively. During diapause initiation and maintenance, the number of metabolites with increased levels in the hemolymph of the diapausing pupae is far greater than the number in the nondiapause pupae. These increased metabolites function as an energy source, metabolic intermediates, and cryoprotectants. The number of metabolites with decreased levels in the brain of diapausing pupae is far greater than the number in the nondiapause pupae. Low metabolite levels are likely to directly or indirectly repress the brain metabolic activity. During diapause termination, most of the metabolite levels in the hemolymph of the diapausing pupae rapidly decrease because they function as energy and metabolic sources that promote pupa-adult development. In conclusion, the metabolites with altered levels in the hemolymph and brain serve as energy and metabolic resources and help to maintain a low brain metabolic activity during diapause.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Global Metabolomic Analyses of the Hemolymph and Brain during the Initiation, Maintenance, and Termination of Pupal Diapause in the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera

Zhāng

Xü

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…; Bemani et al . ). In the different ecotypes of the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis , trehalose levels differed significantly among seasons, and increased in early winter during diapause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Water and carbohydrate levels at different developmental stages and dynamics in hibernating pupae of Pieris melete (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Xiao

Chen

et al. 2015

Entomological Research

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For insight into the physiological indicators of diapause in Pieris melete, water and carbohydrate (glycogen and trehalose) levels were measured under both natural and laboratory conditions. The highest water content (3.71-3.79 mg/mg dry weight) was found in larvae and developing pupae, which was substantially higher than in diapausing pupae (2.59 mg/mg dry weight). Water content was almost stable during diapause, except for individuals approaching diapause termination (3.43-3.58 mg/mg dry weight). The total carbohydrate level was significantly higher in pre-pupae (47.41 μg/mg) compared to larvae (22.80 μg/mg) and developing pupae (21.48 μg/mg). The highest level of trehalose was detected in winter diapausing pupae, and no trehalose was found in larvae or developing pupae. Levels of glycogen were highest in pre-pupae and lowest in diapausing pupae. Levels of total carbohydrate decreased as diapause proceeded, and no significant changes were found in trehalose levels for diapausing pupae under natural conditions or treated for 60-90 days at 5°C. Pupae treated at 20°C for 60-90 days had significantly lower levels of trehalose than those treated for 30 days. Glycogen content was relatively stable at 5°C, but increased after treatment under natural conditions and 20°C for more than 60 days. These results suggest that the dynamics of water and carbohydrate levels are potential physiological diapause indicators, which show metabolic differences between trehalose and glycogen during diapause development.

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“…During pre-wintering time, we observed a dynamic decline of lipid concentration, both in fat body and hemolymph. The situation is reminescent of the situation in the overwintering pistachio fruit hull borer, Arimania comaroffi, where the total body lipid decreased during overwintering and reached its lowest level at the end of March (Bemani et al 2012). In another Megachilid species, a spring-flying solitary bee from North America, O. lignaria, the ratio between CO 2 production and O 2 consumption (respiratory quotient) during pre-wintering was 0.6-0.8, indicating the likely use of triglycerides as the main energy substrate Sgolastra et al 2010;Sgolastra et al 2011).…”

Section: Physiological Adjustments During Overwintering In O Bicornismentioning

confidence: 93%

Overwintering strategies in the red mason solitary bee—physiological correlates of midgut metabolic activity and turnover of nutrient reserves in females of Osmia bicornis

et al. 2013

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Study on the physiology of diapause, cold hardiness and supercooling point of overwintering pupae of the pistachio fruit hull borer, Arimania comaroffi

Cited by 60 publications

References 21 publications

Global Metabolomic Analyses of the Hemolymph and Brain during the Initiation, Maintenance, and Termination of Pupal Diapause in the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera

Global Metabolomic Analyses of the Hemolymph and Brain during the Initiation, Maintenance, and Termination of Pupal Diapause in the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera

Water and carbohydrate levels at different developmental stages and dynamics in hibernating pupae of Pieris melete (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Overwintering strategies in the red mason solitary bee—physiological correlates of midgut metabolic activity and turnover of nutrient reserves in females of Osmia bicornis

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