Study on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe/Co co-doped Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics

Investigation on structure, dielectric and magnetic properties of the four-layer Aurivillius phase Pb1-Bi3.5+Nd0.5Ti4-Mn O15 prepared via molten salt method

“…It was previously reported that the magnetic transition cations preferentially occupy the inner site of B(1)O 6 octahedra with a lower distortion due to the high symmetry of the dorbitals [5,9]. This preference for local ordering of magnetic ions was also observed previously by Raman spectroscopy [6,20]. Therefore, it can be inferred that Mn ions preferred to occupy the adjacent inner B(1)O 6 octahedra in this sample.…”

“…Therefore, it can be inferred that Mn ions preferred to occupy the adjacent inner B(1)O 6 octahedra in this sample. Moreover, it has commonly been observed that the combination of mixed-valent magnetic cations in equal ratio enable the double-exchange interaction to take place [6,10]. The possibility of Mn ions to form the multiple valence states of Mn 3þ /Mn 4þ further allows the existence of this interaction.…”

“…In order to combine the ferroelectric and magnetic properties in Aurivillius phases, the introduction of magnetic transition metal with a partially filled d-shell (d n ) on the B-site is a subject of many ongoing studies [5][6][7]. It was reported that the well-known perovskite multiferroic BiMnO 3 exhibits coupling between ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism [3,8,9].…”

“…Most of the Aurivillius phase was synthesized using a conventional solid-state method. However, this method exhibited compositional inhomogeneity owing to the Bi 3þ volatilization at high temperatures [6]. It is also difficult to control the morphology and grain size, which in turn affects the properties of Aurivillius [15].…”

Structural transformation in Mn-substituted Sr2Bi2Ta2TiO12 Aurivillius phase synthesized by hydrothermal method: A comparative study and dielectric properties

“…In order to improve the ferroelectricity of the Aurivillius phase, the substitution of the smaller A-site cations with a d 0 shell is a feasible way to induce the distortion of BO 6 octahedra [12]. On the other hand, the substitution of B-site cations with the first-row transition cations with a half-filled d-shell (d n ) is well-known to promote magnetization and in turn exhibits the needed multiferroic properties [13,14]. Besides, the substitution of B-site cations with various ionic radii potentially enhances the structural distortion in BO 6 octahedra, thus improving its ferroelectricity [15,16].…”