Study on the synergism of steam reforming and photocatalysis for the degradation of Toluene as a tar model compound under microwave-metal discharges

Effect of Steel Wires on the Microwave Pyrolysis of Tire Powders

“…When metals with sharp edges or tips, or submicroscopic irregularities are subjected to microwave irradiation, intense discharge phenomena (usually electric corona, sparks, or arcs) may occur. The electrons are excited and accumulate in the metal tips first, and then escape from the metal when they accumulate enough energy in an electromagnetic field, inducing a discharging process with the instant release of energy, shaping the local hot spots. , The interaction of microwaves with the iron produce heat, and the temperature increases to 1100–1200 °C and even up to the melting of iron. ,, It is because of this high temperature and microwave radiation that the tire rubber cracks into smaller molecular-weight compounds. The final temperatures are 415, 498, and 574 °C at 9, 15, and 24 W/g without SWs, and at the same time, they are approximately 480, 580, and 685 °C in the presence of SWs, respectively.…”

“…The reason for this may be that there were many active sites for excitation discharge on the SWs, and this discharge is remarkable when metal is subjected to microwave radiation. As a result, a high temperature was generated during the pyrolysis of the TPs, which can melt SWs in specific areas. , As the heating time increased, the molten metal tip decreased the discharge of the SWs. This is coincident with what has been obtained by other authors. ,, …”

“…As a result, a high temperature was generated during the pyrolysis of the TPs, which can melt SWs in specific areas. , As the heating time increased, the molten metal tip decreased the discharge of the SWs. This is coincident with what has been obtained by other authors. ,, …”

“…As is known to all, a high-frequency induction current and discharge phenomena will probably be generated when the metal material is put in the microwave field. As a result, the high temperature and hence the highly reactive plasma caused by microwave-metal discharge may be generated, which provides a very favorable atmosphere for the pyrolysis. − Consequently, the disadvantage of unexpected metal discharge may be converted to the advantage of the inner heat source to accelerate the pyrolysis of organic matter. On the basis of these amazing findings, considering the fact that the SWs are also a commonly used additive of tires, if the tires including the SWs are put in the microwave field, then the metal discharge possibly promotes the tires pyrolysis efficiently.…”

Mechanisms of Toluene Removal in Relation to the Main Components of Biosyngas in a Catalytic Nonthermal Plasma Process

“…Because reactive molecules can be activated at low temperatures and ambient pressure, the application of nonthermal plasma technology has attracted considerable attention in the field of gaseous pollution control [11,12]. Several studies have been conducted on tar removal using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) [13][14][15][16][17][18], pulsed corona discharge [19,20], gliding arc discharge [21][22][23] and microwave plasma [24][25][26]. Nonthermal plasma can efficiently eliminate tars or tar model compounds at low temperatures.…”