Study on the voltage level sequence of future urban DC distribution network in China: A Review

Duan, Jiandong; Li, Zainan; Zhou, Yi; Zhaoyang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.105640

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The results are shown in Table 6 and Figure 7. The transient maximum electric field intensity is smaller than 41 MV/m, because the breakdown field intensity of the XLPE cable at pulse voltage is about 50 kV/mm [22], so the cable can operate safely at a certain margin.…”

Section: Voltage Level Determination Of Ac Xlpe Cablementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are some studies in the industry regarding the determination of the voltage level sequence of DC distribution network The geometric mean method was utilized to obtain the recommended voltage level sequence of the DC distribution network, which is ±0.4 /0.75 /1.5 /6 /10 /24 /55 /100 /320 kV [22], ±0.048 /1.5 /10 /20 /50 /100 /500 /800 kV [23] and ±0.048 /0.2 /0.4 /10 /30 /150 /320 /375 /750 kV [24]. In summary, the future DC voltage level may be ±6 /10 /20 /24 /30 /50 /55 /100 /150 /320 /375 /500 /750 /800 kV.…”

Section: Distribution Network Voltage Level Sequence In Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment on capacity expansion of AC XLPE cable under DC operation with the constraint of temperature and electric field intensity

Yang

Fang³

et al. 2022

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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The effective design of controlling parameters in AC–DC conversion in power cables has played an important role in transmission security. The state‐of‐the‐art studies determining the voltage level and ampacity of cables are mostly based on the core temperature at 70 ℃. Accordingly, this paper proposed a technique to determine the cable DC voltage level and ampacity of AC–DC conversion by taking operational temperature, the steady and the transient state electric field intensity constraints and the critical reversal temperature difference (CRTD) into account. The results of the research indicated that the voltages of 66 kV AC cable can be transformed to ±55 kV, ±50 kV and below, the voltages of 35 kV AC cable can be transformed to ±50 kV, ±30 kV and below, the voltages of 10 kV AC cable can be transformed to ±20 kV, ±10 kV and below. Although one of three phases is idle, the capacity of transmission line has improved effectively, and the idle phase could be an alternate to enhance the reliability. Compared with AC operation, the maximum transmission capacity of DC operation increased on different levels. The design results and the approaches of AC‐DC conversion in this paper can contribute a valuable recommendation to the electrical engineering field.

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Section: Voltage Level Determination Of Ac Xlpe Cablementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Network Voltage Level Sequence In Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment on capacity expansion of AC XLPE cable under DC operation with the constraint of temperature and electric field intensity

Yang

Fang³

et al. 2022

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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“…The PF has been widely studied in the past decades on AC networks [8][9][10]. However, concerning power-flow analysis in DC grids, the exploration of this problem started recently due to the paradigm shift regarding energy distribution with renewable energy and batteries, which typically operate with DC technologies [11][12][13][14][15][16]. These technologies are currently under development.…”

Section: General Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Power Flow Methods for Direct-Current Networks Considering Processing Time and Numerical Convergence Errors

et al. 2020

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This study analyzes the numerical convergence and processing time required by several classical and new solution methods proposed in the literature to solve the power-flow problem (PF) in direct-current (DC) networks considering radial and mesh topologies. Three classical numerical methods were studied: Gauss–Jacobi, Gauss–Seidel, and Newton–Raphson. In addition, two unconventional methods were selected. They are iterative and allow solving the DC PF in radial and mesh configurations. The first method uses a Taylor series expansion and a set of decoupling equations to linearize around the desired operating point. The second method manipulates the set of non-linear equations of the DC PF to transform it into a conventional fixed-point form. Moreover, this method is used to develop a successive approximation methodology. For the particular case of radial topology, three methods based on triangular matrix formulation, graph theory, and scanning algorithms were analyzed. The main objective of this study was to identify the methods with the best performance in terms of quality of solution (i.e., numerical convergence) and processing time to solve the DC power flow in mesh and radial distribution networks. We aimed at offering to the reader a set of PF methodologies to analyze electrical DC grids. The PF performance of the analyzed solution methods was evaluated through six test feeders; all of them were employed in prior studies for the same application. The simulation results show the adequate performance of the power-flow methods reviewed in this study, and they permit the selection of the best solution method for radial and mesh structures.

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“…To achieve this goal, the share of renewable energy is increasing at an accelerated rate. DC distribution networks have the following advantages: easy connection to distributed renewable energy sources [2], low losses [3], and high power quality [4] providing a strong guarantee for the consumption of renewable energy [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-permanent Pole-to-pole Fault Restoration Strategy for Flexible DC Distribution Network

Duan

Lü

et al. 2021

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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As the structures of multiple branch lines (MBLs) will be widely applied in the future flexible DC distribution network, there is a urgent need for improving system reliability by tackling the frequent non-permanent pole-to-pole (P-P) fault on distribution lines. A novel fault restoration strategy based on local information is proposed to solve this issue. The strategy firstly splits a double-ended power supply network into two single-ended power supply networks through the timing difference characteristics of a hybrid direct current circuit breaker (HDC-CB) entering the recloser. Then, a method based on the characteristic of the transient energy of fault current is proposed to screen the faulty branch line in each single-ended power supply network. Also, a four-terminal flexible DC distribution network with MBLs is constructed on PSCAD to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed strategy. Various factors such as noise, fault location, and DC arc equivalent resistance are considered in the simulation model for testing. Test results prove that the proposed strategy for fault restoration is effective, and features high performance and scalability.

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Study on the voltage level sequence of future urban DC distribution network in China: A Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Assessment on capacity expansion of AC XLPE cable under DC operation with the constraint of temperature and electric field intensity

Assessment on capacity expansion of AC XLPE cable under DC operation with the constraint of temperature and electric field intensity

A Comparative Study on Power Flow Methods for Direct-Current Networks Considering Processing Time and Numerical Convergence Errors

Non-permanent Pole-to-pole Fault Restoration Strategy for Flexible DC Distribution Network

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