Study on Tissue Engineering Scaffolds of Silk Fibroin-Chitosan/ Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite

Abstract

The porous scaffolds of silk fibroin-chitosan /nano-hydroxyapatite (SF-CS / n-HA) were fabricated through the freeze- drying technique. Component, structure and morphology of scaffolds were studied by infrared (IR), X-ray diffusion (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the mechanical properties of the scaffolds were measured. The simulated body fluid (SBF) experiments were conducted to assess the bioactivity of the scaffolds. Results indicate that chemical binding is formed between HA and organics, the macropore diameter of the scaffolds varies from 150 to 400μm. The porous scaffolds with interconnected pores possess a high porosity of 78%-91% and compressive strength of 0.26 -1.96MPa, which can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of organic phases and prefreezing temperature. In the SBF tests, a layer of randomly oriented bone-like apatite crystals formed on the scaffold surface, which suggested that the composite material had good bioactivity. Studies suggest the feasibility of using SF-CS /n-HA composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Fabrication of porous three‐dimensional fibroin structures through a freezing process

“…In addition, Correia and their colleagues, by using 6% fibroin solution and freezing at −80 °C, fabricated one group of scaffolds that had the lamellar structure . A group investigating the fibroin/chitosan/nano‐hydroxyapatite mixture, by freezing at −80 °C, achieved structures with a sheet‐like morphology . Likewise, Gobin et al ., by freezing the fibroin/chitosan solution in the −80 °C freezer, developed the lamellar morphology, even though the concentration of solution was 3.66%, which was not very high.…”

“…43 A group investigating the fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite mixture, by freezing at 280 8C, achieved structures with a sheet-like morphology. 44 Likewise, Gobin et al, 45 by freezing the fibroin/chitosan solution in the 280 8C freezer, developed the lamellar morphology, even though the concentration of solution was 3.66%, which was not very high. Further, Sheikh and coworkers, through freezing the 4% fibroin solution at 280 8C and subsequently freeze-drying it, achieved a nearly lamellar morphology.…”

Processing of Magnesium Porous Structures by Infiltration Casting for Biomedical Applications

“…All the processes have been carried out under a protective atmosphere of CO 2 þ 4% SF 6 . The precise selection depends on the magnesium alloy to be infiltrated, and on the desired porosity.…”

“…[3] This aim is achieved through the generation of tissues from cells by the utilization of artificial constructs, named scaffolds. [4][5][6]9,10] Currently, research with biodegradable metallic materials such as Mg and its alloys, [7,8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Fe and Fe-Mn alloys, [21,22] and W [23][24][25] is being carried out in the field of medicine. This scaffold geometry improves the cellular migration, the ingrowth of the new tissue, the transport of body fluid, and the vascularization through the material.…”

Preparation, characterization, degradation and biocompatibility of different silk fibroin based composite scaffolds prepared by freeze-drying method for tissue engineering application

“…A scaffold should mimic the natural extracellular environment of the tissue, the time-space matching charter of the degradation disappearance of materials and new tissues construction, and certain mechanical strength [5][6][7].…”