Study the effect of active carbon modified using HNO3 for carbon electrodes in capacitive deionization system

Blegur, Ernes Josias; Endarko, Endarko

doi:10.1063/1.4968294

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The C spectrum was fitted with three different peaks; that located at 284.8 eV was C–C, 286.2 eV was C–O, and 291.7 eV was CO . C–O and CO were introduced by the pretreatment of active carbon using HNO 3 solution (70%) at 70 °C, which improved the hydrophilicity of the active carbon …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 C−O and C�O were introduced by the pretreatment of active carbon using HNO 3 solution (70%) at 70 °C, which improved the hydrophilicity of the active carbon. 39 The XPS result from the O 1s spectrum of the Pd−Ni/C-25 had five peaks, as is shown in Figure 3c, corresponding to M− O (Pd−O, Ni−O, 529.9 eV), 40 C(O)OH (531.8 eV), 40 C�O (532.5 eV), 40 C−OH (533.6 eV), 40 and O−H (535.4 eV). 41 The O−H bond came from the sulfonic acid group in the Nafion solution, which was employed as an adhesive during the preparation process of the XPS sample prior to the test.…”

Section: Catalyst Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Pd₂B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Wu,

Yan,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The Pd−Ni/C catalyst was synthesized under medium strongly acidic media regulated by ammonia solution, using NaBH 4 as a reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a protector. The TEM, HRTEM, and XRD results exhibited that the Pd−Ni/C catalyst was successfully synthesized and doped with Pd 2 B and NiB. The XPS analysis showed that Pd and Ni mainly existed with an oxidized state in the Pd−Ni/C catalysts, and Pd and Ni also had a strong electronic interaction. Moreover, B and Ni were respectively inserted into the atomic spacing of Pd−Pd, which significantly changed the surface electronic state and atomic spacing of Pd, helping to improve the activity of the Pd−Ni/C catalyst. The electrochemical performance analyzed through cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) displayed that the Pd−Ni/C catalyst had good activity and CO tolerance for methanol electro-oxidation. Furthermore, the Pd−Ni/C catalyst synthesized at which the ratio between the actual and stoichiometric amounts of NaBH 4 was 25 (Pd−Ni/C-25) showed the optimal ECSA and anodic current density for methanol electro-oxidation, respectively reaching 1602.2 cm 2 mg −1 Pd and 1406.5 mA mg −1 Pd. Moreover, the linear relationship between the methanol oxidation on the Pd−Ni/C-25 catalyst and the square root of the scan rate indicated that the electrokinetics of this electrochemical reaction was a diffusion-controlled process, further implying its excellent electrocatalytic performance. The results of the CA curves showed that the Pd−Ni/C-25 catalyst also had excellent durability because of its good antitoxicity. The EIS results presented that the Pd−Ni/C-25 catalyst had the best charge transfer efficiency among these Pd−Ni/C catalysts. The good activity, CO tolerance, durability, and charge transfer efficiency of the Pd−Ni/C-25 catalyst demonstrated its wide potential application in direct methanol fuel cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Catalyst Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Pd₂B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Wu,

Yan,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…AC treatment with HNO 3 has been widely used for this purpose. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Increase of AC specific surface area does not always result in an improved CDI performance. Tojo et al 6 reported the decrease in specific capacitance and lowering of CDI capacity as a result of HNO 3 treatment.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…16 Substitution of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder with the more hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been shown to increase ion adsorption sites. 11 Co-ion repulsion is an unwanted electrochemical adsorption process that consumes a portion of the applied operational potential and reduces charge efficiency. Functionalization of AC with special chemical groups and use of ion-exchange membranes may alleviate this drawback.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exceptional Reduction of Faradaic Redox Reactions of Activated Carbon-Based Electrodes in the Capacitive Deionization of Water through a Facile Gold Impregnation Method

Kazemzadeh

Falamaki

Naderifar

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Activated carbon-based capacitive deionization (CDI) electrodes have been coated with gold nanoparticles through a facile impregnation method. Activated carbon (AC) in the original and nitric acid treated form had been used. Au addition, irrespective of AC being acid treated or not, increases the salt adsorption capacity (SAC), increases charge efficiency and reduces specific energy consumption (SEC) in the CDI process. While applying both acid treatment and gold deposition result in maximum SAC (6.1 mg g−1), sole gold decoration is accompanied with least SEC (0.7 KWh (kg adsorbed ion)−1). Interestingly, gold addition significantly reduces cathodic reduction and anodic oxidation reactions in the case of untreated and treated AC, respectively. A theoretical explanation has been proposed.

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Efficient desalination system for brackish water incorporating biomass-derived porous material

Maheshwari¹,

Agarwal²,

Gupta³

2022

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

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Study the effect of active carbon modified using HNO3 for carbon electrodes in capacitive deionization system

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Investigation of Pd₂B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Investigation of Pd₂B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Exceptional Reduction of Faradaic Redox Reactions of Activated Carbon-Based Electrodes in the Capacitive Deionization of Water through a Facile Gold Impregnation Method

Efficient desalination system for brackish water incorporating biomass-derived porous material

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Study the effect of active carbon modified using HNO3 for carbon electrodes in capacitive deionization system

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Investigation of Pd2B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Investigation of Pd2B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Exceptional Reduction of Faradaic Redox Reactions of Activated Carbon-Based Electrodes in the Capacitive Deionization of Water through a Facile Gold Impregnation Method

Efficient desalination system for brackish water incorporating biomass-derived porous material

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Product

Resources

About

Investigation of Pd₂B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation

Investigation of Pd₂B- and NiB-Doped Pd–Ni/C Electrocatalysts with High Activity for Methanol Oxidation