Studying Behaviour Change Mechanisms under Complexity

Heino, Matti Toivo Juhani; Knittle, Keegan; Noone, Chris; Hasselman, Fred; Hankonen, Nelli

doi:10.3390/bs11050077

Cited by 64 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(173 reference statements)

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“…For example, as we know that lack of available COVID-19 tests is a barrier to getting tested, unless interventions address this barrier then people will remain unlikely to get a test, and importantly, be unlikely to do related behaviours that precede it (i.e., identify symptoms as COVID-19) or follow it (i.e., self-isolate). There has been a call for more research applying a complex adaptive systems approach to understand the complexity of behaviour change [15] and this research supports and the role of qualitative research in understanding this complexity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Adherence to behaviours associated with the test, trace, and isolate system: An analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework

Thorneloe¹,

Clarke²,

Arden³

2021

Preprint

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Background: The UK’s test, trace, and isolate system are key measures to reduce the impact and spread of the COVID-19. However, engagement with and adherence to guidance on testing, self-isolation, and providing details of contacts can be low and interventions are needed. This qualitative study aimed to identify the key factors affecting adherence to test, trace, and isolate behaviours using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Methods: We conducted six online focus groups between October 2020 and February 2021 with people living in Sheffield who came into close contact with others in work or social settings (N = 30). The focus groups explored capability, opportunity, and motivational barriers to adherence to test, trace, and isolate behaviours. Framework analysis was used to code the data into TDF domains. Results: There is a complex relationship between the factors affecting COVID-19 symptom identification, testing, and self-isolation. People who perceived significant barriers to testing and self-isolation were less likely to interpret potential symptoms as COVID-19, and perceiving barriers to self-isolation reduced the likelihood of requesting a test. Concerns about the negative consequences of self-isolation for themselves and others were common and also influenced willingness to pass on details of contacts. There was a lack of trust in the Test and Trace system, with people wanting further evidence of being at risk of infection. Conclusions: Communications and interventions to increase adherence to test, trace, and isolate strategies need to consider the interplay of these behaviours and their influences and target them collectively. Efforts to promote testing should focus on the range of barriers to self-isolation, especially increasing financial and practical support, and include new messaging to promote symptom identification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Adherence to behaviours associated with the test, trace, and isolate system: An analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework

Thorneloe¹,

Clarke²,

Arden³

2021

Preprint

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“…This suggest that some participants can experience cumulative effects over time (shorter sleep durations in this case) and that only analyzing these associations at lag-1 might impede more precise interpretation of the sleep-physical activity relationships (see on that topic, Irish et al, 2014 ). New visualization and/or statistical methods are needed to better understand the dynamic patterns of association between sleep and physical activity at different lags (see Hasselman & Bosman, 2020 ; Heino et al, 2021 for methods from the field of complexity). Third, in regard to generalizability, results from this study are limited to our participants characteristics, i.e., young adults who are overweight or obese, without comorbidities, participating in a weight management program who generally are physically active and have good sleep efficiency on average, as well as a low sample size (i.e., N = 33; which is a limitation here in regards of the generalizability of our results, but not in term of statistical power).…”

Section: Study Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Day-to-day associations between sleep and physical activity: a set of person-specific analyses in adults with overweight and obesity

Chevance

Baretta²,

Romain

et al. 2021

J Behav Med

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The objective of the present study was to estimate whether physical activity on one day was associated with both sleep quality and quantity the following night and to examine to what extent sleep on one night was associated with physical activity the next day. We collected data from 33 young adults who were overweight or obese and consistently wore a Fitbit Charge 3. A total of 7094 days and nights were analyzed. Person-specific models were conducted to test the bi-directional associations for each participant separately. Results suggest an absence of association between steps and sleep efficiency in the two directions. More heterogeneous results were observed for the association between steps and total sleep time, with 19 participants (58%) showing a negative association between total sleep time and next day steps, and 9 (27%) showing a negative association between steps and next day total sleep time. Taken together, these results suggest a potential conflicting association between total sleep time and physical activity for some participants. Pre- and post-print doi: 10.31236/osf.io/nfjqv; supplemental material: https://osf.io/y7nxg/ .

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“…In subsequent work we have refined, developed and applied these methods to a range of other so-called 'wicked' problems involving human behaviour. We believe that this method may be a pragmatic approach to answering calls for greater application of systems-based approaches in the field of behaviour change (Heino et al, 2021;Moore et al, 2019;Rutter et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonising Existing Homes in Wales: A Participatory Behavioural Systems Mapping Approach

Hale

Jofeh

Chadwick

2022

Preprint

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Background: To reduce carbon emissions, urgent change is needed to high-carbon human behaviours including home energy use. Previous policy failures point to insufficient use and integration of systemic and behavioural approaches to bring about change. A novel behavioural systems mapping approach was used to inform national policy recommendations for energy-saving retrofit of homes in Wales. Method: Three participatory workshops were held with the independent Welsh residential decarbonisation advisory group (‘the Advisory Group’) to (1) map relationships between actors, behaviours and influences on behaviour within the home retrofit system, (2) provide training in the Behaviour Change Wheel framework (3) use these to develop policy recommendations for interventions. Recommendations were analysed using the COM-B (capability, opportunity, motivation) model of behaviour to assess whether they addressed these factors. Results: Two behavioural systems maps were produced, representing privately rented and owner-occupied housing tenures. The main causal pathways and feedback loops in each map are described. Necessary interventions to achieve national-scale retrofit included: government-led investment, campaigns and awareness-building, financial-sector funding mechanisms, enforcement of regulations, and creating more streamlined and trusted supply chain services. Of 27 final policy recommendations, 6 addressed capability, 22 opportunity, and 12 motivation. Conclusions: Participatory behavioural systems mapping can be used in conjunction with behaviour change frameworks to develop policy recommendations that address the behavioural determinants of complex environmental problems. Research is underway to refine and extend the approach through application to other sustainability challenges and methods of constructing systems maps.

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Studying Behaviour Change Mechanisms under Complexity

Cited by 64 publications

References 134 publications

Adherence to behaviours associated with the test, trace, and isolate system: An analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework

Adherence to behaviours associated with the test, trace, and isolate system: An analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework

Day-to-day associations between sleep and physical activity: a set of person-specific analyses in adults with overweight and obesity

Decarbonising Existing Homes in Wales: A Participatory Behavioural Systems Mapping Approach

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