Studying Within-Person Variation and Within-Person Couplings in Intensive Longitudinal Data: Lessons Learned and to Be Learned

Neubauer, A.; Schmiedek, Florian

doi:10.1159/000507993

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Finally, the present study utilized a cross-sectional design to examine associations with relative age in the age groups U12 to U15. While only the first measurement point for each player was considered within the present study, a longitudinal design might have enabled further insights into players' individual development (Neubauer and Schmiedek, 2020) and into how potential changes in the magnitude of RAEs with age are associated with the diagnostic results.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Age-Related Biases in Objective and Subjective Assessments of Performance in Talented Youth Soccer Players

Leyhr

Bergmann

Schreiner

et al. 2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Talent research has recommended that multidimensional assessments of performance are needed to improve the identification and development of talented young athletes. However, factors such as the relative age effect may cloud our ability to assess factors related to performance. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of any relationship between soccer players' chronological and relative age, and objective and subjective performance assessments. Data for highly talented male soccer players selected into the German Soccer Associations' talent promotion program (N = 16,138) for U12 to U15 age groups (Mage = 12.62 ± 1.04 years) were examined. Besides anthropometric assessments, players completed a battery of five motor tests that objectively assessed speed abilities and technical skills (specifically sprint, agility, dribbling, ball control, and juggling). In addition, coaches subjectively rated players on their kicking, tactical, and psychosocial skills, as well as providing holistic evaluations of each player's current and future performance levels. Correlation analyses were used to investigate the extent of any relationships between the chronological and relative age of players and their results for each of the assessments. A strong linear decrease in the frequency of later-born players confirmed the overrepresentation of early-born players in all age groups (0.92 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.95, each p < 0.001). From U12 to U15, significant (each p < 0.001) correlations were found between the chronological age of players and their height (|r| = 0.70), weight (|r| = 0.69), speed abilities (|r| = 0.38), and technical skills (|r| = 0.43). When evaluating each age group separately, small effects were found when correlating relative age with the anthropometric assessments (0.18 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.26), and only trivial effects with speed abilities and technical skills (0.01 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.06). Similarly, low correlations were found for the subjective evaluations of kicking, tactical, and psychosocial skills with chronological age across age groups (0.03 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.07), and with relative age in each age group (0.01 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.11). The results show a skewed distribution toward early-born players and—in reference to their relative age—advanced performance in late-born athletes. However, trends toward a better holistic rating of early-born players for current and future performance levels were found. Coaches should be aware of these effects during talent selection, but also when interpreting results from subjective and objective assessments of performance.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Age-Related Biases in Objective and Subjective Assessments of Performance in Talented Youth Soccer Players

Leyhr

Bergmann

Schreiner

et al. 2021

Front. Sports Act. Living

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, some real-life experiences cannot be easily or ethically simulated, as is the case with a pandemic health threat. In such cases, diary data can be used to shed light on how causal processes unfold within a person over time (Bolger et al, 2003; Neubauer & Schmiedek, 2020; Wickham & Knee, 2013). We used the over-time nature of our data to separate cause and effect temporally—using yesterday’s experiences to predict today’s behavior.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitizing the Behavioral-Immune System: The Power of Social Pain

Murray

Lamarche

et al. 2022

Social Psychological and Personality Science

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People who believe they are invulnerable to infectious diseases often fail to protect themselves against the disease threats that others pose to them. The current paper hypothesizes that social pain—the experience of feeling interpersonally hurt or rejected—can sensitize the behavioral-immune system by giving people added reason to see others as worthy of protecting themselves against. We obtained four daily diary samples involving 2,794 participants who reported how hurt/rejected they felt by those they knew, how personally concerned they were about the spread of illness/COVID-19, and how vigilantly they engaged in self-protective behaviors to safeguard their health each day. An integrative data analysis revealed robust evidence that people who believed they were invulnerable to infectious disease engaged in more concerted efforts to protect themselves against the greater daily risk of contracting COVID-19 when being in acute social pain gave them added reason to see others as harmful to them.

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“…Moreover, we carefully controlled for previous-day school engagement and a variety of factors that may confound the role of EF and discrimination for engagement, including sleep (Könen et al, 2015), mood (Neubauer et al, 2019), social support (Cooper et al, 2013), and ethnic/racial identity (Yip et al, 2022). Future research that incorporates experimental methods into a daily design may provide more robust evidence for the causality of the studied associations at the within-person level (Neubauer & Schmiedek, 2020). Relatedly, because the between-person data were cross-sectional and drawn from a relatively small sample ( N = 137), the current study did not examine between-person associations among the study variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily associations between adolescents’ executive function and school engagement: The role of ethnic/racial discrimination.

Wang,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Developmental Psychology

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Executive function (EF) has rarely been considered for adolescents’ daily school outcomes or in conjunction with ethnic/racial discrimination. Using 2-week, daily data from 137 ethnic/racial minority adolescents (Mage = 14.56; 53% female; 56% Black, 19% Latinx, 7% Asian, 7% Native, 12% other [e.g., multiracial]) in the Midwest United States, this study examined same-day, within-person associations between EF and school engagement (controlling for prior-day engagement), and how these associations varied by adolescents’ daily experiences of ethnic/racial discrimination. Two EF components, inhibitory control and working memory, were associated with higher levels of school engagement on the same day, only on days when adolescents reported lower than their typical levels of discrimination. An alternative, indirect effect (i.e., discrimination compromised same-day school engagement via EF) was not observed. Findings highlight novel mechanisms through which discrimination may contribute to educational disparities.

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Studying Within-Person Variation and Within-Person Couplings in Intensive Longitudinal Data: Lessons Learned and to Be Learned

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Relative Age-Related Biases in Objective and Subjective Assessments of Performance in Talented Youth Soccer Players

Relative Age-Related Biases in Objective and Subjective Assessments of Performance in Talented Youth Soccer Players

Sensitizing the Behavioral-Immune System: The Power of Social Pain

Daily associations between adolescents’ executive function and school engagement: The role of ethnic/racial discrimination.

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