Stunting Prevention with Education and Nutrition in Pregnant Women: A Review of Literature

Abstract

Background : Stunting is a major nutritional problem in children under five years old which has an impact on slowing growth by reducing the number and development of body cells, including brain cells and other organs. Pregnant women are one of the groups who are vulnerable to nutritional problems, related to the process of growth and development of the fetus in the womb. The role of education and nutrition is important during pregnancy because it has implications for the health of mothers and children in later life. The aimed of this review was to identify research about effect stunting prevention and education and nutrition to pregnant women. Methods : A database review undertaken using Pubmed, CHINAHL and Google Scholar from 2011-2021 to collect focused study on education and nutrition research on pregnant women to prevent stunting. A total of 1788 articles were identified. These were scaned and 18 articles were retrieved with 13 articles shortlisted for to in depth review. Results : Education with using audiovisual media, moringa leaf ice cream and early nutrition has proved effective in increasing pregnant women knowledge regarding stunting prevention. Providing nutritional supplements/nutrients for moringa oliefera, folic acid and iron, specific nutrition, LNS, PM2A PROCOMIDA, nutrition before pregnancy, supplements antenatal iron and folic acid, prenatal micronutrients have an effect on reducing children stunting. Conclusion: Audio visual education can convery health knowledge because easily to facilitate the reception of health message for pregnant women. Continuous education and monitoring of the of pregnant women diet every month during pregnancy classes at the posyandu are needed to prevent stunting in children.

The role of vitamin d to prevent children’s stunting

“…Vitamin D deficiency can lead to delayed growth of the inflorescences in a child. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women and children may have beneficial effects in preventing stunting and boosting growth on children (9). It is also consistent with Zakharova (2019) explaining the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and growth disorders, including stunting, and emphasizing the importance of vitamin D status for linear growth and growth as well as immunity in children and adolescents (33).…”

“…Vitamin D deficiency can cause developmental delays in children. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women and children may have beneficial effects on preventing stunting and promoting growth in children (9). Clinical signs of vitamin D deficiency vary among children, including motor disturbances, abnormal posture, easy falls, shaky hands, dizziness, numbness in fingers, growth retardation, and seizures (10).…”

Effectiveness of Stunting Prevention Programs in Indonesia : A Systematic Review

“…With the target of education being mothers, expectant mother, and families through promotive and preventive efforts to enhance the family's ability to support their health, as the family plays a crucial role in influencing an individual's health status (Oktaviana et al, 2022). The study by Sukmawati et al (2021) states that continuous education and monitoring of the dietary patterns of pregnant mothers are highly necessary to prevent stunting in children.…”

Edukasi Peran Ibu Dalam Pencegahan Stunting Dari Masa Kehamilan Sampai Dengan Masa Menyusui

“…Pengetahuan dan pendidikan orang tua terutama ibu merupakan dasar untuk mengimplementasikan perilaku kesehatan selama kehamilan sampai dengan masa menyusui. Bahkan beberapa penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pendidikan dan pengetahuan dapat mempengaruhi kejadian stunting 1,2 kali sampai dengan 7 kali lipat (Azizah, Nurmala, et al, 2022;Sari et al, 2020;Sukmawati et al, 2021).…”