Stunting, wasting, overweight and their coexistence among children under 7 years in the context of the social rapidly developing: Findings from a population-based survey in nine cities of China in 2016

Zhang, Yaqin; Li, Hui; Wu, Hua-Hong; Zong, Xin-Nan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245455

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our findings of regional disparities in the prevalence of overweight and obesity are generally consistent with previous nationwide surveys 8 , 17 and with previous regional surveys of northern, 18 , 19 eastern, 20 southern, 21 or northwestern China. 22 In addition, our study corroborated previous findings that children from southern and northern China had the lowest and highest prevalence, respectively, of overweight and obesity 10 and that children from western China had high prevalence estimates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…To our knowledge, only a few studies have investigated differences of overweight and obesity prevalence estimates within age ranges, but these studies have yielded controversial conclusions. 17 , 19 , 23 , 26 We speculate that the regional disparities and the limited coverage of age ranges may partly explain the diverging results. Given that socioeconomic and regional environmental characteristics (eg, per capita gross domestic product, annual mean ambient temperature, and mean altitude) contribute to the geographical disparities in risk factors for cardiovascular disease, 27 we speculate that these characteristics may partly explain the regional differences observed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Regional Disparities in Obesity Among a Heterogeneous Population of Chinese Children and Adolescents

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCEObesity is a public health challenge in China, but the geographical profiles of overweight and obesity among Chinese children are limited. OBJECTIVE To examine regional disparities in the prevalence of obesity among the heterogeneous population of Chinese children and adolescents to provide a more accurate profile of obesity among children in China. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Obesity and Diabetes in Youth (PRODY) study was a cross-sectional survey study conducted from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, among 201 098 children aged 3 to 18 years from 11 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities that produced a sample of Chinese children with a full range of ages and wide geographical coverage using a multistage, stratified, cluster-sampling design. EXPOSURES Five regions geographically representative of China (northern, eastern, southern, western, and central). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe body weights and heights of all participants were measured. Multilevel, multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. RESULTS Among 201 098 healthy children (105 875 boys [52.6%]; mean [SD] age, 9.8 [3.8] years) from eastern, southern, northern, central, and western China, the highest obesity prevalence was estimated for children aged 8 to 13 years in northern China (from 18.8% [95% CI, 16.2%-21.7%] to 23.6% [95% CI, 20.5%-26.9%]) and for boys aged 3 to 6 years in western China (from 18.1% [95% CI, 10.4%-29.4%] to 28.6% [95% CI, 14.3%-49.0%]). Boys had a higher prevalence than girls of obesity only in eastern and northern China, with a mean difference in prevalence of 4.6% (95% CI, 3.8%-5.4%) and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.5%-8.6%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this survey study, substantial geographic disparities in the prevalence of obesity and overweight were found among the heterogeneous population of Chinese children. The results suggest that special attention should be paid to vulnerable children and that regionally adapted interventions are needed to efficiently mitigate obesity in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Regional Disparities in Obesity Among a Heterogeneous Population of Chinese Children and Adolescents

et al. 2021

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“…Malnutrition is a serious public health concern affecting at least half of children under five years of age in developing countries [1][2][3]. Stunting, wasting, underweight, overweight, and obesity are the most common types of malnutrition in children [4]. Children living in Asian and African regions of the world have the highest risk of various forms of malnutrition [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Trends, and Socioeconomic Determinants of Coexisting Forms of Malnutrition Amongst Children under Five Years of Age in Pakistan

et al. 2021

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In Pakistan, malnutrition is a chronic issue. Concerns regarding coexisting forms of malnutrition (CFM) in an individual child are emerging, as children suffering from CFM have a 4 to 12-fold higher risk of death compared with healthy children. This study assessed the prevalence, trends, and socioeconomic determinants of various types of CFM using Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) datasets. Data from children aged 0–5 years old, with complete height and weight information, and valid anthropometry, from all regions of Pakistan (except residents of Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK) and Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), and non-de jure residents), were included. The prevalence of CFM was 30.6% in 2012–2013 and 21.5% in 2017–2018 PDHS. Both PDHSs reported a significantly higher prevalence of CFM in Sindh and Baluchistan compared with other regions of Pakistan. Improved socioeconomic status significantly reduced the odds of various types of CFM, except the coexistence of underweight with wasting. The high prevalence of CFM in Pakistan can be averted by multisectoral collaboration and by integrating nutrition-sensitive and nutrition-specific interventions.

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“…Compared with the general Chinese children, children with SMA are sensitive to malnutrition, especially to under-nutrition [25][26][27] and the prevalence of under-nutrition in our patients is higher compared to patients of other nations [28,29]. Recently, Zhou et al [30] pointed that over 40% of children with type II & III were at risk of malnutrition based on a case series study of 86 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nutritional, Lipid Metabolic and Body Composition Features of Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Feng

Yao

Xia

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neuromuscular disease affecting multiple organs and systems, including nutritional and metabolic status. There is still a lack of relevant large sample size research. We aimed to investigate the nutritional status, serum lipid profile, and body composition characteristics in children with SMA. Methods A hospital-based, case-control study was conducted on 91 children with SMA (17.6% of type I, 48.4% of type II, 34.1% of type III) and 91 age- and gender-matched healthy children in a single hospitalized center in China. Anthropometric information, serum lipids parameters and body composition (in subgroup of patients older than 3 years) were collected. According to the anthropometric Z scores, nutritional status was categorized into normal and malnutrition (including under- and over-nutrition) groups. Results The prevalence of malnutrition and dyslipidemia in children with SMA was higher than that of controls (49.45% vs. 23.08% and 56.04% vs. 34.07%, respectively and p<0.01). Particularly, the prevalence of lower-than-normal levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) were significantly higher than that in healthy controls in children with SMA (26.37% vs. 7.69% and 41.76% vs. 6.59%, respectively and p<0.01). In terms of the body composition characteristics in children with SMA II & III, on average, the total body fat mass percentage (FM%) was 43.38% (36.99%, 48.20%), the fat mass index (FMI) was 7.30 (5.07, 8.72), the lean body mass index (LBMI) was 7.70 (6.96, 9.02) and the bone mineral density-z score (BMD-z) was -1.40 (-2.80, -0.60), generally different from the reference profiles in published literature. Conclusion Children with SMA in China have obvious nutritional imbalances, abnormal levels of serum lipid and unbalanced body composition. Further research is warranted to explore the potential mechanisms and health management strategies on nutritional and metabolic disorders of SMA.

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Stunting, wasting, overweight and their coexistence among children under 7 years in the context of the social rapidly developing: Findings from a population-based survey in nine cities of China in 2016

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Regional Disparities in Obesity Among a Heterogeneous Population of Chinese Children and Adolescents

Regional Disparities in Obesity Among a Heterogeneous Population of Chinese Children and Adolescents

Prevalence, Trends, and Socioeconomic Determinants of Coexisting Forms of Malnutrition Amongst Children under Five Years of Age in Pakistan

Nutritional, Lipid Metabolic and Body Composition Features of Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy

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