Sub-lethal doses of Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus and synthetic ınsecticides alter the biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

Resistance management is very important for devising control strategies of polyphagous insect-pests like Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Considering the importance of resistance management, demographic features of selected and unselected populations of H. armigera were studied in 6 different treatments viz. emamectin benzoate, Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (HaNPV), emamectin benzoate+HaNPV, spinetoram, spinetoram+HaNPV and control. Higher values for fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase (λ) were recorded in the control of selected as compared to the rest of treatment. Similarly, higher values for these population parameters viz. oviposition days, fecundity, intrinsic rate, the finite rate of increase were calculated in the unselected control. Similarly, net reproductive rate (R0) for selected and unselected control was higher as compared to the rest of the treatments. It may happen because these kinds of selection pressures can result in decreased fitness of the test insect thus decreased fitness of H. armigera in different treatments was observed as compared to the control. Additionally, quicker development of susceptible insects was observed because susceptible insects were growing without any stressor (xenobiotics) as compared to the rest which contributed to their faster development.

Evaluation of Commercial Virus Biopesticides for the Control of Moth Pests in Laboratory Conditions: The Cases of Thaumetopoea pityocampa and Helicoverpa armigera

“…Apart from their single action, it has been well documented that NPVs can be perfectly combined with various chemical insecticides, like azadirachtin [50][51][52][53], emamectin [52,54], chlorantraniliprole [50,55], spinetoram [54], thiamethoxam, diflubenzuron [56], endosulfan [57,58], and metaflumizone [52]. Most of the time, this synergy presented an additive effect in contrast with their separate application, providing successful control.…”

“…in Patras (Dassylio), Achaia, from February to May 2022. Several infested pine samples (50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60) were placed in sterile, wet sand in plastic boxes with vented openings and transferred to the laboratory. The larvae were fed on pine needles (P. halepensis) at room temperature [29].…”

Retraction: Sub-lethal doses of Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus and synthetic ınsecticides alter the biological parameters of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…The PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [ 1 ] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have concerns about authorship, competing interests, and peer review. We regret that the issues were not addressed prior to the article’s publication.…”