Sub-lethal effects of organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides on muscle tissue transaminases of Oreochromis niloticus in vivo

Amin, Muhammad; Yousuf, Masarrat; Ahmad, Naveed; Attaullah, Mohammad; Ikram, Muhammad; Zaid, Attia A. Abou; Yaro, Clement Ameh; Alshammari, Eida M.; Binnaser, Yaser S.; Batiha, Gaber El‐Saber; Buneri, Islam Dad

doi:10.1007/s43188-021-00097-y

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…They have reported signifi cant decrease in the activities of transaminases in the red and white muscles of the CdCl 2 -exposed fi sh [41]. Fluctuating activities seen in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to organophosphates and pyrethtroids [42]. It has been proved that stress can not only be of toxicants, but the conditions in which fi sh are reared are also important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on Transaminases in Lindane Exposed Fish C. punctatus

Gupta¹,

Sharma²

2023

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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The transaminases such as Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (GOT or AST) and Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (GPT or ALT) are the key enzymes known for their roles in utilization of protein and carbohydrates. The activities of these two enzymes have been shown to alter in fish and other organisms due to pesticide stress. Therefore, the study was initiated to monitor the levels of these enzymes in C. punctatus exposed to 3 subacute concentrations of lindane (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 mg/l) for 96h. The results showed increase in activity of AST and ALT in all the tissue of fish at highest concentration; the values being in following order: gills>kidney>brain>heart>muscle>liver for AST and for ALT the values were in following order: brain>muscles=kidney>gills>liver>heart, after 96hr treatment period. At highest concentration of lindane (0.1 mg/l) tested the maximum rise in AST activity was found in gills (50.84%) and minimum in liver (27.99%). The other organs such as kidney, brain, heart and muscle exhibited 49.42, 45.14, 39.70 and 33.50% rise, respectively. The activity of ALT, however, showed maximum increase in brain (59.60%) and minimum in heart (30.26%) at highest concentration of lindane (0.1 mg/l) tested. The kidney, muscle, gills and liver registered 57.00, 57.02, 52.63 and 38.18% rise, respectively, under this condition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on Transaminases in Lindane Exposed Fish C. punctatus

Gupta¹,

Sharma²

2023

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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“…According to Malarvizhi et al, (2013) pesticides affect the activities of transaminases enzymes (GOT and GPT), which are essential biomarkers for detecting organs injure in aquatic organisms particularly fishes. Organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroid pesticides toxicity were also recorded in the activities of some important biomarkers such a total protein, GOT, GPT and cholinesterase (ChE) in the different body tissues of Oreochromis niloticus (Amin et al, 2021a; Amin et al, 2021b; Amin et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of metabolic enzymes glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase in vivo exposed Oreochromis niloticus against organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroid

Amin

Yousuf

Ahmad

et al. 2023

Aquatic Ecosystem Health &Amp; Management

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Organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroid pesticides are used in residential areas and agriculture, discharge into environment, may cause unpredictable toxicity to non-targeted aquatic organisms. The current study aims to assess the effect of these pesticides on the transaminases, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase enzymes activity in brain and gills of Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were exposed for 24 and 48 h (hours) to the LC0 (non-lethal concentrations) of the malathion, chlorpyrifos and λ-cyhalothrin, respectively. For biochemical assay, a spectrophotometer was used. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase activity in brain and gill was significantly (p <0.05) elevated and inhibited, respectively, except in 48 h treated samples. The highest (+258%) and lowest (+8.9%) enhancement in this activity was noted in chlorpyrifos and malathion treated gill samples, respectively. The glutamate pyruvate transaminase activity was significantly (p <0.05) enhanced in all treated samples except in 24 h malathion treated brain. The highest (+340.7%) and lowest (+27%) enhancement in this level was recorded in malathion and chlorpyrifos exposed brain and gills samples. Therefore, it is suggested that both these assessments in fish different organs could be used as a useful biomarker to detect environmental pollution. Thus, the alterations in transaminases activity indicated that the tested pesticides are highly toxic to the health of aquatic organisms and should be periodically and regularly monitored in the environment to reduce pollutant stress on non-target biota, particularly fish.

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