Sub-millimeter detected<i>z</i> ~  2 radio-quiet QSOs

Orellana, G.; Nagar, Neil M.; G., Isaac, Kate; Priddey, R.; Maiolino, R.; McMahon, Richard; Marconi, A.; Oliva, E.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015807

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Fig. shows that our sample of reddened quasars constitute some of the most massive AGN at z ∼ 2 with black hole masses comparable to the quasars studied by Coppin et al () and Orellana et al () and an order of magnitude larger than SMGs hosting AGN at similar redshifts. We note in particular that the most massive black holes in the Coppin et al () sample are the optically bright subset of their population and the X‐ray absorbed and submillimetre detected sources in their sample have relatively modest black hole masses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…We now compare our sample properties to those of AGN samples selected at other wavelengths. These include the optically selected quasar population from SDSS DR7 (Shen et al ), submillimetre bright quasars from Coppin et al () and Orellana et al (), and a subset of submillimetre galaxies hosting AGN that were selected from X‐ray studies (Alexander et al ). The submillimetre quasars in Orellana et al () are all optically bright blue quasars whereas those in Coppin et al () include both standard blue optical quasars as well as redder X‐ray absorbed quasars and quasars detected in blank‐field submillimetre surveys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Left: redshift versus black hole mass of our reddened quasars compared to submillimetre bright quasars from Coppin et al () and Orellana et al () as well as X‐ray‐selected submillimetre galaxies hosting AGN from Alexander et al (). Our sample of reddened quasars constitutes some of the most massive black holes at z ∼ 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our sample of reddened quasars constitutes some of the most massive black holes at z ∼ 2. Right: bolometric luminosity versus black hole mass for our sample of reddened quasars compared to the optically selected quasars from the SDSS (Shen et al ), submillimetre bright quasars (Orellana et al ) and submillimetre galaxies hosting AGN (Alexander et al ). The dashed line corresponds to Eddington accretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavily reddened quasars atz∼ 2 in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey: a transitional phase in AGN evolution

Banerji

McMahon

Hewett

et al. 2012

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

164

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We present a new sample of purely near-infrared-selected K Vega < 16.5 [K AB < 18.4] extremely red [(J − K) Vega > 2.5] quasar candidates at z ∼ 2 from 900 deg 2 of data in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey (LAS). Five of these are spectroscopically confirmed to be heavily reddened type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN) with broad emission lines bringing our total sample of reddened quasars from the UKIDSS-LAS to 12 at z = 1.4-2.7. At these redshifts, Hα (6563 Å) is in the K band. However, the mean Hα equivalent width of the reddened quasars is only 10 per cent larger than that of the optically selected population and cannot explain the extreme colours. Instead, dust extinction of A V ∼ 2-6 mag is required to reproduce the continuum colours of our sources. This is comparable to the dust extinctions seen in submillimetre galaxies at similar redshifts. We argue that the AGN are likely being observed in a relatively short-lived breakout phase when they are expelling gas and dust following a massive starburst, subsequently turning into UV-luminous quasars. Some of our quasars show direct evidence for strong outflows (v ∼ 800-1000 km s −1 ) affecting the Hα line consistent with this scenario. We predict that a larger fraction of reddened quasar hosts are likely to be submillimetre bright compared to the UV-luminous quasar population. We use our sample to place new constraints on the fraction of obscured type 1 AGN likely to be missed in optical surveys. Taken at face value our findings suggest that the obscured fraction depends on quasar luminosity. The space density of obscured quasars is approximately five times that inferred for UV-bright quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) luminosity function at M i < −30 but seems to drop at lower luminosities even accounting for various sources of incompleteness in our sample. We find that at M i ∼ −28 for example, this fraction is unlikely to be larger than ∼20 per cent although these fractions are highly uncertain at present due to the small size of our sample. A deeper K-band survey for highly obscured quasars is clearly needed to test this hypothesis fully and is now becoming possible with new sensitive all-sky infrared surveys such as the VISTA Hemisphere Survey and the Wide Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) All Sky Survey.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavily reddened quasars atz∼ 2 in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey: a transitional phase in AGN evolution

Banerji

McMahon

Hewett

et al. 2012

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

164

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“…We currently predict that our H𝛼 BH masses will be increased by an average of ∼ 0.5 orders of magnitude due to extinction with masses in the range of log M BH M = 8.66 -9.14, matching other H𝛼 calculated masses of radio quiet QSOs at z = 2 (Orellana, G. et al 2011), and SDSS z = 6 QSOs (Kurk et al 2008). Our masses could be scaled with chosen 𝜆 Edd values, but it is clear more investigation in this area is needed.…”

Section: Extinction Corrected Massessupporting

confidence: 74%

The black hole masses of extremely luminous radio-WISE selected galaxies

Ferris,

Blain,

Assef

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We present near-IR photometry and spectroscopy of 30 extremely luminous radio and mid-IR selected galaxies. With bolometric luminosities exceeding ∼ 10 13 L and redshifts ranging from 𝑧 = 0.880 − 2.853, we use VLT instruments X-shooter and ISAAC to investigate this unique population of galaxies. Broad multi-component emission lines are detected in 18 galaxies and we measure the near-IR lines H𝛽, [OIII]𝜆𝜆4959, 5007 and H𝛼 in six, 15 and 13 galaxies respectively, with 10 Ly𝛼 and five C lines additionally detected in the UVB arm. We use the broad [OIII]𝜆5007 emission lines as a proxy for the bolometric AGN luminosity, and derive lower limits to supermassive black hole masses of 10 7.9 -10 9.4 M with expectations of corresponding host masses of 10 10.4 -10 12.0 M .We measure 𝜆 Edd > 1 for eight of these sources at a 2𝜎 significance. Near-IR photometry and SED fitting are used to compare stellar masses directly. We detect both Balmer lines in five galaxies and use these to infer a mean visual extinction of 𝐴 𝑉 = 2.68 mag. Due to non-detections and uncertainties in our H𝛽 emission line measurements, we simulate a broad H𝛽 line of FWHM = 1480 kms −1 to estimate extinction for all sources with measured H𝛼 emission. We then use this to infer a mean 𝐴 𝑉 = 3.62 mag, demonstrating the highly-obscured nature of these galaxies, with the consequence of increasing our estimates of black-hole masses by an 0.5 orders of magnitude in the most extreme and obscured cases.

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DIRECT EVIDENCE FOR TERMINATION OF OBSCURED STAR FORMATION BY RADIATIVELY DRIVEN OUTFLOWS IN REDDENED QSOs

Farrah

Urrutia

Lacy

et al. 2012

ApJ

111

125

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We present optical to far-infrared photometry of 31 reddened QSOs that show evidence for radiatively driven outflows originating from AGN in their rest-frame UV spectra. We use these data to study the relationships between the AGN-driven outflows, and the AGN and starburst infrared luminosities. We find that FeLoBAL QSOs are invariably IR-luminous, with IR luminosities exceeding 10 12 L ⊙ in all cases. The AGN supplies 76% of the total IR emission, on average, but with a range from 20% to 100%. We find no evidence that the absolute luminosity of obscured star formation is affected by the AGN-driven outflows. Conversely, we find an anticorrelation between the strength of AGN-driven outflows, as measured from the range of outflow velocities over which absorption exceeds a minimal threshold, and the contribution from star formation to the total IR luminosity, with a much higher chance of seeing a starburst contribution in excess of 25% in systems with weak outflows than in systems with strong outflows. Moreover, we find no convincing evidence that this effect is driven by the IR luminosity of the AGN. We conclude that radiatively driven outflows from AGN can have a dramatic, negative impact on luminous star formation in their host galaxies. We find that such outflows act to curtail star formation such that star formation contributes less than ∼ 25% of the total IR luminosity. We also propose that the degree to which termination of star formation takes place is not deducible from the IR luminosity of the AGN.

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Sub-millimeter detectedz ~ 2 radio-quiet QSOs

Cited by 7 publications

References 69 publications

Heavily reddened quasars atz∼ 2 in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey: a transitional phase in AGN evolution

Heavily reddened quasars atz∼ 2 in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey: a transitional phase in AGN evolution

The black hole masses of extremely luminous radio-WISE selected galaxies

DIRECT EVIDENCE FOR TERMINATION OF OBSCURED STAR FORMATION BY RADIATIVELY DRIVEN OUTFLOWS IN REDDENED QSOs

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