Sub-wavelength-pitch silicon-photonic optical phased array for large field-of-regard coherent optical beam steering

Zhang, Yu; Ling, Yi‐Chun; Zhang, Kaiqi; Gentry, Cale M.; Sadighi, David; Whaley, Greg; Colosimo, James; Suni, Paul; Yoo, S. J. B.

doi:10.1364/oe.27.001929

Cited by 125 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As it can be seen in Table 5, in a 1D OPA, wavelength tuning is a common way to steer the beam for the second FOV dimension. The highest efficiency of wavelength steering is about 0.3 deg/nm [68] while most are around 0.15 deg/nm [48,50,51,55,[59][60][61]72] or slightly higher [63,64]. It means for the requirement of 20-30° vertical FOV mentioned earlier, it demands a laser source with tuning range of 100-200 nm.…”

Section: D Beam Steeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Si Photonics for Practical LiDAR Solutions

et al. 2019

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In the article the authors discuss light detection and ranging (LiDAR) for automotive applications and the potential roles Si photonics can play in practice. The authors review published research work on Si photonics optical phased array (OPA) and other relevant devices in the past decade with in-depth technical analysis with respect to practical system design considerations. The commercialization status of certain LiDAR technologies is briefly introduced.

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Section: D Beam Steeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Si Photonics for Practical LiDAR Solutions

et al. 2019

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“…In optical communication, OPA is required to have high gain, narrow beam, and wide steering range. However, at present, monolithic integrated OPAs suffer from low gain, small beam steering range, and wide beam width, which are mainly due to the low radiation efficiency of the nanoantenna, the large element spacing (the spacing between adjacent antenna in the antenna array), and the limited scale of the optical antenna array [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Nanoantenna Array Design

Dong¹,

Xu²,

He³

2020

Nanoplasmonics

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Recently, wireless optical communication system is developing toward the chip level. Optical nanoantenna array in optical communication system is the key component for radiating and receiving light. In this chapter, we propose a sub-wavelength plasmonic nanoantenna with high gain operating at the standard optical communication wavelength of 1550 nm. The designed plasmonic antenna has a good matching with the silicon waveguide in a wide band, and light is fed from the bottom of the nanoantenna via the silicon waveguide. Furthermore, we design two kinds of antenna arrays with the proposed plasmonic nanoantenna, including one-and two-dimensional arrays (1 × 8 and 8 × 8). The radiation characteristics of the antenna arrays are investigated and both arrays have high gains and wide beam steering range without grating lobes.

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“…Recently, we proposed and characterized wavelength-tuned beam steering in terms of the angular beam steering and emission response [18]. Compared to Si OPAs [4]- [9], the prepared SiN OPA provided a limited steering efficiency of 0.074 °/nm, due to the lower effective index of the waveguide. Despite the notable benefits of the SiN platform, a low steering efficiency would devaluate its potential for beam scanning applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Backward-Emitting Silicon Nitride Optical Phased Array Enabling Efficient Wavelength-Tuned Beam Steering

Bhandari

Kim

et al. 2020

IEEE Photonics J.

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Silicon nitride (SiN) optical phased arrays (OPAs) have emerged as a potential alternative to their silicon counterparts, due to their potential use in enhanced solid-state light detection and ranging. Grating antennas based on a SiN waveguide suffer from a limited beam steering efficiency, owing to the relatively lower effective refractive index of the waveguide. To mitigate this limitation, we propose and demonstrate a backward-emitting SiN OPA incorporating a reinforced grating vector, which provides efficient wavelength-tuned beam steering along the longitudinal direction. Two backward-emitting OPAs were primarily characterized by their steering efficiency and the spectral emission for the main lobe, and they were compared with a forward-emitting device using a weakened grating vector. The results indicated that strengthening the grating vector for the antenna improved the beam steering efficiency but adversely affected the dependence of its directionality on the wavelength. The directionality was particularly inspected, with respect to major design parameters for the grating antennas, including the pitch and etch depth of a SiN grating, as well as the thickness of a buried oxide and SiN core layer. The proposed backward-emitting OPA scheme is expected to significantly promote its feasibility as an advanced beam scanning device.

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Sub-wavelength-pitch silicon-photonic optical phased array for large field-of-regard coherent optical beam steering

Cited by 125 publications

References 16 publications

Si Photonics for Practical LiDAR Solutions

Si Photonics for Practical LiDAR Solutions

Plasmonic Nanoantenna Array Design

Backward-Emitting Silicon Nitride Optical Phased Array Enabling Efficient Wavelength-Tuned Beam Steering

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