Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis in Older Adulthood

Garg, Ravindra Kumar; Sharma, Praveen; Kumar, Neeraj; Pandey, Shweta

doi:10.5334/tohm.498

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…By no means is this list completely inclusive, but it speaks to a vast realm of possibilities that should be considered in addition to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. 18,20,[25][26][27]…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Narrative Review on Measles and the Future of Vaccination

Sulaiman,

Vora,

Chhabra

et al. 2024

J Child Neurol

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Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a rare complication due to persistent measles infection, characterized by cognitive and motor deterioration. Because subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is considered a potentially fatal complication of measles and usually presents in young populations, particularly those with measles infection under the age of 2 years, new approaches to implement vaccination programs must be devised to help avoid the worsening of patient outcome. Until the disease is eradicated globally, children in all regions of the world remain at risk of measles infection and its respective complications, and therefore, the vaccine is considered the optimal preventative measure. The legacy of measles virus goes beyond the immediate complications. Our study, therefore, aims to provide a comprehensive review on the updated insights into subacute sclerosing panencephalitis as a complication, as well as the extent and future considerations pertaining to vaccination programs in the pediatric population.

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Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Narrative Review on Measles and the Future of Vaccination

Sulaiman,

Vora,

Chhabra

et al. 2024

J Child Neurol

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“…Various factors postulated for chronic persistence of measles virus in the brain include altered host immune response and/or mutated viral genotype. 1 The measles vaccine has been postulated to protect against SSPE, and the wild measles virus (and not the vaccine virus) has been isolated from the brain tissue of children with SSPE. 2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resurgence of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Case Series and Global Epidemiological Trends

Srivastava

Agarwal

Rajadhyaksha

2021

Journal of Pediatric Neurology

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Resurgence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)—case series and global epidemiological trends. We noted a recent increase in cases of SSPE admitted in our institute, even though they had received measles vaccination. We did a detailed study of our cases and compared with global epidemiological trends of SSPE in preimmunization and era of developed immunity. Out of total 23 cases of SSPE, 12 presented in the year 2017 alone, reflecting a steep rise in incidence. Sixteen patients had received measles vaccine and never had prior measles infection. Mean age of onset was 8.2 years and average time of progression to advanced stage of disease was 65 days. Global data showed similar trends, that is, earlier age of onset with a faster rate of progression in the postvaccination era as compared with prevaccine era. Possible mechanisms to account for this trend include an early wild measles infection in the critical age of 6 to 9 months, before vaccination. There is a changing epidemiological trend of SSPE in terms of lower age of onset and faster rate of progression, also reflected in global data. There is a need for multicenter studies to verify the findings and explore possible measures like lowering the age of measles vaccination to halt this alarming trend.

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“…Dans les PESS d'incubation longue, entre deux à vingt ans, la neuroinvasion par le virus pourrait être contemporaine d'une virémie importante, suite à l'inefficacité de la réponse antivirale que les ils n'ont cependant pas éliminé le virus de leur SNC ; leurs réponses immunitaires pourraient avoir sélectionné des virus défectifs, mutés au niveau de leurs protéines d'enveloppe. Les formes de PESS de l'adulte avec une latence de 20 à 40 ans[42] posent la question d'une neuro-invasion tardive, juste avant l'apparition des signes neurologiques. La persistance du virus serait rendue Les variations de réponses interféron et cytokiniques que l'on observe chez les patients pourraient donc avoir pour origine le processus de neuro-invasion du virus ou des variants génétiques viraux, le stade de la maladie ou le terrain génétique du malade.…”

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La panencéphalite sclérosante subaiguë de la rougeole

et al. 2022

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La panencéphalite sclérosante subaiguë (PESS), une complication tardive de la rougeole, est encore présente lors d’épidémies de cette maladie dues aux insuffisances de la vaccination. Après un rappel historique, nous aborderons la physiopathologie de la PESS et l’importance des critères diagnostiques. De nombreux travaux portant sur les paramètres de l’immunité innée et sur ceux des réponses interféron tendent à montrer une baisse de l’activité de l’immunité cellulaire au cours de cette maladie. Nous formulons ici plusieurs hypothèses s’appuyant sur des publications concernant différentes formes de la maladie : congénitales, périnatales, formes à incubation courte, semblables à l’encéphalite aiguë à inclusions (EAI), formes d’évolution rapide, formes retrouvées chez les immunodéprimés ou chez l’adulte. Des formes familiales ont également été identifiées, suggérant une origine génétique. Selon la durée de la période de latence entre rougeole et la PESS, deux groupes de patients ont été individualisés, incitant à des analyses rétrospective et prospective des exomes de ces malades. La connaissance des gènes participant à la maladie devrait être utile pour la compréhension de la physiopathologie de la PESS mais aussi d’autres infections neurologiques tardives dues à des virus à ARN.

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Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis in Older Adulthood

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Pediatric Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Narrative Review on Measles and the Future of Vaccination

Pediatric Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: A Narrative Review on Measles and the Future of Vaccination

Resurgence of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Case Series and Global Epidemiological Trends

La panencéphalite sclérosante subaiguë de la rougeole

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