Subarachnoid hemorrhage in sickle cell disease

Carey, J. E.; Numaguchi, Yuji; Nadell, Joseph M.

doi:10.1007/bf00262268

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The positive influence of rheological blood factors on the compensatory capacity of LMA was observed by Carey et al 138 (1990) Ringelstein et al 7 (1992) hypothesized the presence of a relationship between penumbra, recanalization, and therapeutic window and the role of LMA in MCA occlusion. They suggested that LMA "maintain a certain degree of cortical perfusion, critically elevating tissue in the ischemic penumbra from the level of irreversible cell death."…”

Section: To Presentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Brozici

Zwan

Hillen

2003

Stroke

219

200

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Background-This review seeks to provide a structured presentation of existing knowledge of leptomeningeal anastomoses from anatomic and functional points of view and to identify problems and possible research directions to foster a better understanding of the subject and of stroke mechanisms. Summary of Review-Available data show that leptomeningeal anastomoses may be important in understanding stroke mechanisms and that leptomeningeal anastomoses play an important role in penumbra outcome. However, the literature shows no consensus between statements on the existence of leptomeningeal anastomoses and compensatory capacity. Conclusions-By

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Section: To Presentmentioning

confidence: 88%

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Brozici

Zwan

Hillen

2003

Stroke

219

200

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“…Among the few reported cases of intracranial haemorrhage in paediatric SCD, subarachnoid haemorrhage remains rare and a subarachnoid haemorrhage‐associated intracranial aneurysm has only been reported twice. No evident link with a concurrent stenotic cerebral vasculopathy has been demonstrated to date . Management strategies have not been clearly delineated in this setting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…No evident link with a concurrent stenotic cerebral vasculopathy has been demonstrated to date. 9,[12][13][14] Management strategies have not been clearly delineated in this setting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral haemorrhagic risk in children with sickle‐cell disease

Kossorotoff

Brousse²,

Grévent

et al. 2014

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim To address risk of first or recurrent cerebral haemorrhage in children with sickle‐cell disease (SCD) who are being managed with modern stroke prevention strategies. Method A systematically followed SCD paediatric cohort was retrospectively studied over a 9‐year period. Haemorrhagic risk was defined as intracranial haemorrhage occurrence or intracranial aneurysm diagnosis during the study period. Ischaemic risk was defined as cerebrovascular ischaemic event occurrence or transcranial Doppler/magnetic resonance imaging hallmarks of ischaemic risk finding during the study period. Results Among the 251 patients in the cohort, 36 patients were included in the ischaemic group. Seven patients were included in the haemorrhagic group, of which five also met the criteria for the ischaemic group. Age at first haemorrhagic symptom/hallmark of risk was older (10.4 vs 6.2 years old, p=0.036). Nine intracranial saccular aneurysms were found, mostly on the posterior circulation. Two patients had endovascular embolization. Interpretation The ratio of ischaemic to haemorrhagic risk was not modified with modern management compared with historical series. Intracranial aneurysm in children with SCD had specific characteristics, close to intracranial aneurysms described in adults with SCD. Data favoured concurrent development of intracranial SCD‐associated anterior stenosis and posterior dilation, suggesting common pathophysiology and management strategies.

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“…Although biopsy-proven vasculitis has been found in patients with cocaine abuse,74 angiograms of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage related to cocaine abuse do not show changes suggestive of vasculitis.73 75 Sickle Cell Disease Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a rare complication of sickle cell disease.76 Thirty percent of patients with sickle cell disease and subarachnoid hemorrhage are children.77 CT scans performed in these children show blood in the superficial cortical sulci; angiograms reveal no aneurysm but often show multiple distal branch occlusions and leptomeningeal collateral circulation. 77 The subarachnoid hemorrhage is attributed to rupture of these collaterals. The outcome is poor: only three of the 11 recently reviewed children had a good outcome.…”

Section: Cocaine Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The outcome is poor: only three of the 11 recently reviewed children had a good outcome. 77 Most adult patients with sickle cell disease-related subarachnoid hemorrhage have an aneurysm. The hemorrhage is located diffusely in the basal cisterns,78 and Coagulation Disorders Anticoagulation-related subarachnoid hemorrhage seems rare.…”

Section: Cocaine Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Subarachnoid hemorrhage without detectable aneurysm. A review of the causes.

Rinkel

Gijn

Wijdicks

1993

Stroke

231

121

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In 15% to 20% of patients with a spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage, no aneurysm is found on the first angiogram. This review emphasizes that this group of patients is in fact heterogeneous and describes the clinical features, pattern of hemorrhage on early computed tomographic (CT) scan, prognosis, and proposed management in the several and distinct subsets of these patients. Patients in whom no aneurysm is revealed on the initial angiogram can be subdivided mainly according to the pattern of hemorrhage on an early CT scan. In two thirds of these patients the CT scan shows a perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage (ie, blood confined to the cisterns around the midbrain); these patients invariably have a good prognosis, which obviates the need for a second angiogram. Patients with diffuse or anteriorly located blood on CT scan are at risk of rebleeding. In most of these patients the source of hemorrhage is an occult aneurysm, but intracranial artery dissections, dural arteriovenous malformations, mycotic aneurysms, trauma, bleeding disorders, substance abuse, or a cervical origin of the hemorrhage should also be considered. Patients with no blood revealed on an early CT scan but with xanthochromic cerebrospinal fluid are extremely rare. These patients deserve a second reading of the scan for blood in the prepontine cistern, which can be the only site of hemorrhage in perimesencephalic hemorrhage. The prognosis and management of patients in whom no aneurysm is found on the initial angiogram depends on the pattern of hemorrhage on the initial CT scan. Patients should no longer be designated with the umbrella term "angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage."

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Subarachnoid hemorrhage in sickle cell disease

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Anatomy and Functionality of Leptomeningeal Anastomoses

Cerebral haemorrhagic risk in children with sickle‐cell disease

Subarachnoid hemorrhage without detectable aneurysm. A review of the causes.

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