Subchromosomal painting libraries (SCPLs) from somatic cell hybrids

Rocchi, Mariano; Antonacci, Rachele; Marzella, R.; Finelli, Palma; Cassano, C.; Lonoce, Angelo; Cino, C.; Forabosco, Antonino; Archidiacono, Nicoletta

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1537-4_4

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The rice GS5 gene encodes SCPLs. Functional studies of this class of protein in barley, wheat, Arabidopsis thaliana , and rice have shown that SCPLs play a role in many processes such as the hydrolysis of storage proteins during seed germination, the autolysis of cellular components in programmed cell death, seed development, and stress resistance [ 63 , 64 ]. In rice, elevated GS5 expression leads to the accumulation of a large amount of GS5 protein in the extracellular structural domain of OsBAK1 ; this prevents OsMSBP1 [ 65 ] from interacting with OsBAK1 and maintains OsBAK1 on the cell membrane, thereby facilitating OsBARI1–OsBAK1 interactions [ 66 , 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Expression of the Rice Grain-Size-Affecting Gene GS5 in Maize Affects Kernel Size by Regulating Endosperm Starch Synthesis

Dong

Xiong

Zeng

et al. 2022

Genes

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Maize is one of the most important food crops, and maize kernel is one of the important components of maize yield. Studies have shown that the rice grain-size affecting gene GS5 increases the thousand-kernel weight by positively regulating the rice grain width and grain grouting rate. In this study, based on the GS5 transgenic maize obtained through transgenic technology with specific expression in the endosperm, molecular assays were performed on the transformed plants. Southern blotting results showed that the GS5 gene was integrated into the maize genome in a low copy number, and RT-PCR analysis showed that the exogenous GS5 gene was normally and highly expressed in maize. The agronomic traits of two successive generations showed that certain lines were significantly improved in yield-related traits, and the most significant changes were observed in the OE-34 line, where the kernel width increased significantly by 8.99% and 10.96%, the 100-kernel weight increased by 14.10% and 10.82%, and the ear weight increased by 13.96% and 15.71%, respectively; however, no significant differences were observed in the plant height, ear height, kernel length, kernel row number, or kernel number. In addition, the overexpression of the GS5 gene increased the grain grouting rate and affected starch synthesis in the rice grains. The kernels’ starch content in OE-25, OE-34, and OE-57 increased by 10.30%, 7.39%, and 6.39%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to observe changes in the starch granule size, and the starch granule diameter of the transgenic line(s) was significantly reduced. RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression levels of related genes in starch synthesis, and the expression of these genes was generally upregulated. It was speculated that the exogenous GS5 gene changed the size of the starch granules by regulating the expression of related genes in the starch synthesis pathway, thus increasing the starch content. The trans-GS5 gene was able to be stably expressed in the hybrids with the genetic backgrounds of the four materials, with significant increases in the kernel width, 100-kernel weight, and ear weight. In this study, the maize kernel size was significantly increased through the endosperm-specific expression of the rice GS5 gene, and good material for the functional analysis of the GS5 gene was created, which was of great importance in theory and application.

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