Subchronic application of humic acids and associated compounds provokes histological changes of goitre in the rat

Seffner, W; Schiller, F.; Heinze, Rita; Breng, R.

doi:10.1016/s0940-2993(11)80288-5

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In other experiments they showed that humic acids inhibited in vitro T 4 deiodination to T 3 by rat liver microsomes [48]. Seffner et al [49] administered different preperations of humic acids to rats and observed an increase in follicular cell height and a decrease in serum T 4 . It was suggested that the effect might be related to intestinal binding of iodine by humic acids, or to release of goitrogenic compounds during intestinal degradation of humic acids.…”

Section: Goitrogens and Humic Substances In Watermentioning

confidence: 97%

Humic substances in drinking water and the epidemiology of thyroid disease

et al. 2003

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Thyroid diseases are common in all populations but the type and frequency depends on environmental factors. In Denmark geographical differences in iodine intake are caused by different iodine contents of drinking water, which varies from < 1 to 139 microg iodine per litre. Comparative epidemiologic studies have demonstrated considerable differences in type and occurrence of thyroid disease with more goitre and hyperthyroidism in Aalborg with water iodine content around 5 microg/L, and more hypothyroidism in Copenhagen with water iodine around 20 microg/L. In Denmark, iodine in ground water is bound in humic substances, which have probably leached from marine sediments in the aquifers. Interestingly, humic substances in water from other parts of the world have goitrogenic properties, especially humic substances from coal and shale. Humic substances are heterogeneous mixtures of naturally occurring molecules, produced by decomposition of plant and animal tissues. The effect of humic substances in drinking water on the epidemiology of thyroid disease probably depends on the source of aquifer sediments.

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Section: Goitrogens and Humic Substances In Watermentioning

confidence: 97%

Humic substances in drinking water and the epidemiology of thyroid disease

et al. 2003

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“…Most of the above-mentioned goitrogens (humic acid, nitrate, sulfur-containing compounds, thiocyanate, etc .) (7-12) can be metabolized into anions within the human body. The concentration of mean serum sulfate was 5.0 ± 0.4 mEq/L in the study by Gutierrez et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we know, anions may be formed after metabolism of some goitrogens such as humic acid, nitrate, sulfur-containing compounds, thiocyanate, etc . (7-12). Hence, we tried to evaluate the relationship between some clinical factors [including especially serum anion gap (AG)] and the frequency of nodular goiter and thyroid dysfunction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Anion Gap with Thyroid Dysfunction and Nodular Goiter in Capd Patients

Lin

et al. 2002

Perit Dial Int

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Objective To investigate the association of clinical parameters and serum anion gap with thyroid dysfunction and nodular goiter in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Single dialysis unit and outpatient clinic. Patients This study included 89 uremic patients on CAPD. Gender ratio was 50 males to 39 females (M/F = 1.28); mean age was 54.8 years. Main Outcome Measures We investigated the prevalence of nodular goiter and thyroid dysfunction with a 10-MHz high-frequency ultrasound scanner and immunoassay kits. Results Nodular goiter was detected in 52.8% (47/89) of the CAPD patients. Patients with nodular goiter were older than those without goiter (57.7 vs 51.5 years, p < 0.05). Nodular goiter was found more frequently in females than in males (66.7% vs 44.0%, p < 0.05). Patients with nodular goiter had longer duration of CAPD than patients without goiter (51.6 ± 42.9 vs 31.0 ± 28.1 months, p < 0.02). In addition, CAPD patients with goiter had a higher serum anion gap (AG) (16.8 ± 3.3 vs 14.0 ± 4.5 mEq/L, p < 0.02) and a lower weekly creatinine clearance (55.9 ± 12.6 vs 64.6 ± 21.1 L/week/1.73 m2, p < 0.05) than patients without goiter. As serum AG gradually increased, significant alteration of thyroid parameters developed in the following sequence: ( 1 ) reduction of total T3 level at an AG level of 15, ( 2 ) elevation of thyrotropin (TSH) and increased prevalence of goiter at an AG of 18, and ( 3 ) reduction of free T4 and total T4 levels and elevation of TSH, with further increased frequency of goiter at an AG of 20 mEq/L. Conclusion According to this study, age, gender, dialysis duration, serum AG, and weekly creatinine clearance are correlated with prevalence of goiter in CAPD patients. Sequential alteration of thyroid function and increasing frequency of nodular goiter correlated with higher serum AG. There are two explanations for this correlation: the level of serum AG may be an indirect index of the level of serum goitrogens, and higher serum AG and increased frequency of nodular goiters might be a reflection of loss of residual renal function. Therefore, thyroid function screening and goiter detection using ultrasound should be considered when examining CAPD patients with progressively elevating serum anion gap.

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“…Moreover, patients with euthyroidism or hypothyroidism spent more time in the hospital. TSH and T3, and T4 levels were measured after recovery in two investigations, and both returned to baseline at the follow-up [ 148 , 149 ].…”

Section: Covid-19-mediated Thyroid Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 associated thyroid dysfunction and other comorbidities and its management using phytochemical-based therapeutics: a natural way

et al. 2023

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The present severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediated Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and post-COVID-19 complications affect human life drastically. Patients who have been cured of COVID-19 infection are now experiencing post-COVID-19 associated comorbidities, which have increased mortality rates. The SARS-CoV-2 infection distresses the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and various endocrine glands, including the thyroid. The emergence of variants which includes Omicron (B.1.1.529) and its lineages threaten the world severely. Among different therapeutic approaches, phytochemical-based therapeutics are not only cost-effective but also have lesser side effects. Recently a plethora of studies have shown the therapeutic efficacy of various phytochemicals for the treatment of COVID-19. Besides this, various phytochemicals have been found efficacious in treating several inflammatory diseases, including thyroid-related anomalies. The method of the phytochemical formulation is quick and facile and the raw materials for such herbal preparations are approved worldwide for human use against certain disease conditions. Owing to the advantages of phytochemicals, this review primarily discusses the COVID-19-related thyroid dysfunction and the role of key phytochemicals to deal with thyroid anomaly and post-COVID-19 complications. Further, this review shed light on the mechanism via which COVID-19 and its related complication affect organ function of the body, along with the mechanistic insight into the way by which phytochemicals could help to cure post-COVID-19 complications in thyroid patients. Considering the advantages offered by phytochemicals as a safer and cost-effective medication they can be potentially used to combat COVID-19-associated comorbidities.

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Subchronic application of humic acids and associated compounds provokes histological changes of goitre in the rat

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Humic substances in drinking water and the epidemiology of thyroid disease

Humic substances in drinking water and the epidemiology of thyroid disease

Association of Anion Gap with Thyroid Dysfunction and Nodular Goiter in Capd Patients

COVID-19 associated thyroid dysfunction and other comorbidities and its management using phytochemical-based therapeutics: a natural way

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