Subclass restriction of human enterovirus antibodies

Torfason, Einar G.; Reimer, Charles B.; Keyserling, Harry L.

doi:10.1128/jcm.25.8.1376-1379.1987

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The report that an increase in IgG 3 subcloass antibodies may function as a marker for ongoing or recent viral infection [Beck, 1981;Linde, 1985;Grauballe et al, 1986;Torfason et al, 1987;Mathiesen, 19881 led to the examination of the subclass pattern in the paired sera shown in Table 11. Of the four patients (#7,10,27 and 28) who responded with a fourfold antibody titer rise for total IgG, two (#7 and 10) showed a fourfold increase in IgG 3 antibody (Table 111).…”

Section: Igg Antibody Subclass Responses To Rnvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody prevalence and immunoglobulin IgG subclass pattern to norwalk virus in Sweden

Hinkula

Ball

Löfgren³

et al. 1995

Journal of Medical Virology

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The antibody prevalence in Sweden to Norwalk virus (NV) was investigated using a baculovirus expressed capsid antigen. One hundred thirty-two serum samples were examined for IgA, total IgG and IgG subclass antibodies to Norwalk virus. In young children, NV IgG antibody prevalence was higher than the IgA prevalence, whereas no difference was found in individuals older than 21 years. The IgG antibody prevalence was 50% in children below 5 years of age and increased to > 80% in individuals older than 10 years of age. To examine the IgG antibody response in more detail, IgG subclass patterns were characterized. IgG 1 predominated in all age groups. IgG 4, usually detected after repeated exposure to antigen, was the second most prevalent subclass, but was only found in individuals older than 21 years of age. IgG 3 subclass antibodies were found in 13% and IgG 2 in 3% of the sera examined. IgG 3 subclass antibodies have been recognized as a marker for recent or ongoing viral infections.

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Section: Igg Antibody Subclass Responses To Rnvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody prevalence and immunoglobulin IgG subclass pattern to norwalk virus in Sweden

Hinkula

Ball

Löfgren³

et al. 1995

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In the hope of identifying IgG subclass antibody responses to infection with Toxoplasma gondii that might prove useful for the study of the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis as well as for its diagnosis, we used the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (20,39,43). During these studies to examine serum samples of individuals acutely and chronically infected with the organism, it became apparent that the large number of antigens present in lysate preparations of the organism precluded our making conclusions about the antigens responsible for a given IgG subclass response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma antigens recognized by immunoglobulin G subclasses during acute and chronic infection

et al. 1989

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The immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass response to Toxoplasma gondii antigens during the acute and chronic stages of T. gondii infection were studied by using immunoblots with reduced antigen (RA) and nonreduced antigen (NRA) preparations. Serum samples were from individuals with acute or chronic T. gondii infection, and sequential samples were from women who seroconverted during gestation and were treated with spiramycin. IgGl antibodies were predominant in sera from each of the groups and recognized a large number of RA and NRA. In the latter group of patients, IgGl and IgG3 were the first antibodies to appear in response to the infection. In all groups, an antigen with a molecular weight (MW) of 30,000 was the most intensely stained and frequently recognized by IgGl antibodies in NRA preparations. In RA preparations, antigens of MW 35,000 and 30,000 were the most intensely stained and frequently recognized by IgG1 antibodies. An antigen with an MW of 22,000 was intensely stained in the IgGl immunoblots of the NRA preparation and to a lesser extent in the RA preparation. In contrast to immunoblots with IgGl antibodies, very few antigens in the RA and NRA preparations were detected by IgG2 and IgG3 antibodies; IgG4 antibodies rarely detected any antigens. Of interest was that IgG2 antibodies detected antigens distributed over the entire MW range, whereas those detected by IgG3 antibodies were located mostly below the 35,000 MW marker. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results paralleled those of the immunoblots in that IgGl antibodies were predominant.

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“…We hypothesized that VLPs should be able to induce robust immune responses, since the VLP structures present a repetitive arrangement of antigens [ 52 ], making them immunogenic without the need for immunomodulatory substances. CVB infections induce rapid and strong neutralizing antibody responses in mice [ 33 , 53 ] and humans [ 54 ] and the protective efficacy of vaccines correlates well with the magnitude of the antibody response [ 8 , 13 , 27 , 33 , 55 ]. In our previous studies with inactivated CVB1 whole-virus vaccines [ 55 ] and with CVB1-VLP vaccine [ 19 ] high total IgG and neutralizing antibody responses were induced in C57BL/6J male mice with non-adjuvanted vaccines and the responses were primarily Th2-type (IgG1) oriented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Insight into CVB3-VLP Non-Adjuvanted Vaccine

et al. 2020

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Coxsackievirus B (CVB) enteroviruses are common pathogens that can cause acute and chronic myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, aseptic meningitis, and they are hypothesized to be a causal factor in type 1 diabetes. The licensed enterovirus vaccines and those currently in clinical development are traditional inactivated or live attenuated vaccines. Even though these vaccines work well in the prevention of enterovirus diseases, new vaccine technologies, like virus-like particles (VLPs), can offer important advantages in the manufacturing and epitope engineering. We have previously produced VLPs for CVB3 and CVB1 in insect cells. Here, we describe the production of CVB3-VLPs with enhanced production yield and purity using an improved purification method consisting of tangential flow filtration and ion exchange chromatography, which is compatible with industrial scale production. We also resolved the CVB3-VLP structure by Cryo-Electron Microscopy imaging and single particle reconstruction. The VLP diameter is 30.9 nm on average, and it is similar to Coxsackievirus A VLPs and the expanded enterovirus cell-entry intermediate (the 135s particle), which is ~2 nm larger than the mature virion. High neutralizing and total IgG antibody levels, the latter being a predominantly Th2 type (IgG1) phenotype, were detected in C57BL/6J mice immunized with non-adjuvanted CVB3-VLP vaccine. The structural and immunogenic data presented here indicate the potential of this improved methodology to produce highly immunogenic enterovirus VLP-vaccines in the future.

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Subclass restriction of human enterovirus antibodies

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Antibody prevalence and immunoglobulin IgG subclass pattern to norwalk virus in Sweden

Antibody prevalence and immunoglobulin IgG subclass pattern to norwalk virus in Sweden

Toxoplasma antigens recognized by immunoglobulin G subclasses during acute and chronic infection

Structural Insight into CVB3-VLP Non-Adjuvanted Vaccine

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