Subclinical atherosclerosis in menopausal women with low to medium calculated cardiovascular risk

Lambrinoudaki, Ιrene; Armeni, Eleni; Georgiopoulos, Georgios; Kazani, Maria; Kouskouni, Evangelia; Creatsa, Maria; Alexandrou, Andreas; Fotiou, Stelios; Papamichael, Christos; Stamatelopoulos, Kimon

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.06.063

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Although the median age was 50, only 30.7% of participants were postmenopausal [25]. Recently, Lambrinoudaki et al [9], in a study that included 120 postmenopausal women (mean age 53 years), showed a combined IMT (median total measurements of bilateral carotids) of 0.724 (±0.127), and presence of plaque in 28% of participants. Taken together, these data suggest that menopause has a negative impact on vascular health, and the high prevalence of subclinical CVD in patients considered to be at low CV risk by conventional scores emphasizes the need for additional CVD evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the average IMT of the three segments was calculated for each of the two carotid arteries [10]. Subclinical atherosclerosis was defined as IMT >0.9 mm and/or the presence of atherosclerotic plaque in any of the studied segments [9]. Plaque was defined by at least two of the following three criteria: C-IMT >1.5 mm; shape abnormalities such as protrusion into the lumen or loss of alignment with adjacent arterial wall boundary; the presence of brighter echoes than adjacent boundaries [10].…”

Section: Measurement Of Carotid Intima-media Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decline in endogenous estrogen production during the menopausal transition has been associated with CV risk factors and higher prevalence of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as atherosclerosis, in postmenopausal women [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subclinical cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with low/medium cardiovascular risk by the Framingham risk score

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Carotid Intima-media Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subclinical cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with low/medium cardiovascular risk by the Framingham risk score

et al. 2015

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“…It is recognized that menopause significantly changes the profile of cardiovascular risk (Pappa and Alevizaki 2012). Hence, we have to be alert, as previously stated (Lakoski et al 2007;Lambrinoudaki et al 2013), to the risk scores that are exclusively based on traditional risk factors, since they underestimate cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The 60- and 70-kDa heat-shock proteins and their correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome

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et al. 2014

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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We investigated the association between circulating levels of 60 and 70 kDa heat-shock proteins (HSP60 and 70) and cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS). This crosssectional study included 311 Brazilian women (age ≥45 years with amenorrhea ≥12 months). Women showing three or more of the following diagnostic criteria were diagnosed with MetS: waist circumference (WC) ≥88 cm, blood pressure ≥130/ 85 mmHg, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) <50 mg/dl, and glucose ≥100 mg/dl. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters were collected. HSP60, HSP70, antibodies to HSP60 and HSP70, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in serum. Student's t test, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. Of the 311 women, 30.9 % (96/311) were diagnosed with MetS. These women were, on average, obese with abdominal fat deposition and had lower HDL values as well as higher triglycerides and glucose levels. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistant (HOMA-IR) test values in these women were compatible with insulin resistance (P <0.05). CRP and HSP60 concentrations were higher in women with MetS than in women without MetS (P <0.05). HSP60, anti-HSP70, and CRP concentrations increased with the number of features indicative of MetS (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between anti-HSP70 and WC, blood pressure and HOMA-IR, and between CRP and WC, blood pressure, glucose, HOMA-IR, and triglycerides (P <0.05). In postmenopausal women, serum HSP60 and anti-HSP70 concentrations increased with accumulating features of the metabolic syndrome. These results suggest a greater immune activation that is associated with cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

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“…The onset of menopause is associated with greater prevalence of metabolic abnormalities 22, 42, 44 and CVD risk factors. 45, 46 Women with early menopause in our study were more likely to have diabetes, greater BMI and indices of inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of menopause age and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide

et al. 2015

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Objective Menopausal age could affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of early menopause (menopause occurring before 45 years of age) and menopausal age with NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), a potential risk marker of CVD and heart failure (HF). Methods Our cross-sectional study included 2275 postmenopausal women, aged 45–85 years, without clinical CVD (2000–2002), from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Participants were classified as having or not having early menopause. NT-proBNP was log-transformed. Multivariable linear regression was used for analysis. Results There were 561 women with early menopause. The median NT-proBNP value was 79.0 (41.1–151.6) pg/ml for all participants with values of 83.4 (41.4–164.9) pg/ml and 78.0 (40.8–148.3) pg/ml for women with and without early menopause respectively. The mean (SD) age was 65 (10.1) and 65 (8.9) years for women with and without early menopause respectively. There were no significant interactions between menopausal age and ethnicity. In multivariable analysis, early menopause was associated with a 10.7% increase in NT-proBNP while each year increase in menopausal age was associated with a 0.7% decrease in NT-proBNP. Conclusion Early menopause is associated with greater NT-proBNP levels while each year increase in menopausal age is associated with lower NT-proBNP levels in postmenopausal women.

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Subclinical atherosclerosis in menopausal women with low to medium calculated cardiovascular risk

Cited by 36 publications

References 28 publications

Subclinical cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with low/medium cardiovascular risk by the Framingham risk score

Subclinical cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women with low/medium cardiovascular risk by the Framingham risk score

The 60- and 70-kDa heat-shock proteins and their correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome

Association of menopause age and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide

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