Subclinical Hyperthyroidism and Cardiovascular Risk

Palmeiro, Christopher; Davila, Maria I.; Bhat, Mallika; Frishman, William H.; Weiss, Irene

doi:10.1097/crd.0b013e318294f6f1

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Additionally, epigenetic mechanisms are also plausible since maternal hypothyroidism has been observed to cause histone modifications and alteration in DNA methylation (25,26). Hypothyroidism is associated with later occurrence of CVD in human adults (27,28). which made us hypothesize that the two diseases may share similar personal genetic backgrounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Maternal Hypothyroidism With Cardiovascular Diseases in the Offspring

et al. 2021

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BackgroundNo previous study has examined the effect of maternal hypothyroidism on a broad spectrum of cardiovascular disease (CVD) endpoints in the offspring.MethodsA nationwide population-based cohort study based on the linkage of several Danish nationwide registries was conducted to explore whether maternal hypothyroidism is associated with offspring’s CVD. Altogether 1,041,448 singletons born between the 1st of January 1978 and the 31st of December 1998 were investigated from the age of 8 years to the 31st of December 2016. Exposure was maternal diagnosis of hypothyroidism across lifespan and the outcome of interest was a CVD diagnosis in the offspring. Cox regression models were performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of CVD.ResultsOffspring born to mothers with hypothyroidism had an increased risk of CVD (hazard ratios (HR)=1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-1.35), and of several subcategories of CVD including hypertension, arrhythmia, and acute myocardial infarction in offspring. The magnitude of association was the most pronounced in an exposure occur during pregnancy (HR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.10-2.67), which is consistent across all the subgroup analysis, including sibling analysis.ConclusionsMaternal hypothyroidism is associated with an increased risk of CVD in offspring. Thyroid hormone insufficiency during pregnancy may predominantly contribute to the observed associations; however, the effects of a shared genetic background and a time-stable familial environment/lifestyle factors cannot be excluded.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypothyroidism is associated with later occurrence of CVD in human adults ( 27 , 28 ). which made us hypothesize that the two diseases may share similar personal genetic backgrounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Maternal Hypothyroidism With Cardiovascular Diseases in the Offspring

et al. 2021

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“…175,176 Overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, and high normal euthyroidism increase the of AF by about 42%, 31%, and 12%, respectively. 177,178 It is thought that the main factor triggering AF is the free thyroxine (FT4) level. In the Rotterdam study, higher FT4 levels (within the normal range) were associated with increased risk of both incident and prevalent AF regardless of age, gender, and other potential confounding factors.…”

Section: Thyroid Disease and Other Endocrine Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence on Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: Modifiable Risk Factors and the Effects of Risk Factor Intervention

Akboğa

İnanç

Keskin

et al. 2021

Cardiology in Review

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most encountered arrhythmias in clinical practice. It is also estimated that the absolute AF burden may increase by greater than 60% by 2050. It is inevitable that AF will become one of the largest epidemics in the world and may pose a major health problem for countries. Although AF rarely causes mortality in the acute period, it causes a significant increase in mortality and morbidity, including a fivefold increase in the risk of stroke, a twofold increase in dementia, and a twofold increase in myocardial infarction in the chronic period. Despite all the advances in the treatment of AF, it is better understood day by day that preventing AF may play a key role in reducing AF and its related complications. Modification of the main modifiable factors such as quitting smoking, abstaining from alcohol, changing eating habits, and exercise seems to be the first step in preventing AF. The strict adherence to the treatment process of secondary causes predisposing to AF such as DM, hypertension, obesity, and sleep apnea is another step in the prevention of AF. Both an individual approach and global public health campaigns can be highly beneficial to reduce the risk of AF. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current evidence on the relationship between modifiable risk factors and AF, and the impact of possible interventions on these factors in preventing or reducing the AF burden in the light of recently published guidelines and studies.

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“…Seldom is Graves' disease asymptomatic, what makes the treatment of this condition the best approach for most cases. 1,2,4 Thyrotropin receptors are stimulated by autoimmune antibodies, therefore increasing thyroid hormone production and also developing gland hypertrophy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment of Graves disease

Filho¹,

Volpi²,

Hojaij³

et al. 2018

Arch. Head Neck Surg.

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Introduction:There is no proved superiority between surgical and non-surgical treatment for Graves' disease up to now. Objective: To evaluate our surgical experience in the treatment of Graves' disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 patients with Graves' disease underwent thyroidectomy from 2002 to 2012. All patients were operated on under euthyroid condition, achieved by the use of antithyroid drugs associated to beta-blockers. Follow-up period ranged from 1 to 10 years. Results: All patients developed hypothyroidism. There was no recurrence. The main complications observed were transient hypoparathyroidism in 23 cases (24%), transient hoarseness in 7 patients (7%), hematoma in the immediate post-operative period in 2 cases (2%) and permanent hypoparathyroidism in 1 patient (1%). No death was observed in this series. The time of hospitalization varied from 1 to 5 days and 78% of the patients were discharged in the first postoperative day. Conclusion: Thyroidectomy is effective and safe, with low complication rates.

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Subclinical Hyperthyroidism and Cardiovascular Risk

Cited by 7 publications

References 95 publications

Association of Maternal Hypothyroidism With Cardiovascular Diseases in the Offspring

Association of Maternal Hypothyroidism With Cardiovascular Diseases in the Offspring

Current Evidence on Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: Modifiable Risk Factors and the Effects of Risk Factor Intervention

Surgical treatment of Graves disease

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