Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions

Damásio, António R.; Grabowski, Thomas J.; Bechara, Antoine; Damásio, Hanna; Ponto, Laura L. Boles; Parvizi, Josef; Hichwa, Richard D.

doi:10.1038/79871

Cited by 1,876 publications

(1,296 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,207

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on our results in the sustained phase, stronger functional connectivity was found in the limbic/paralimbic areas and brainstem (AMY; PH; insula; THA; MCC) at ST36 ( Fig. 3; Table 1) in ACU compared with SHAM, suggesting the limbic system may play an important role in receiving sensory information and affecting decisions and subsequent behavior (27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Divergent neural processes specific to the acute and sustained phases of verum and SHAM acupuncture

Liu

Qin

Guo

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: To discuss which brain region potentially functioned and switched between the immediate and delayed response of acupuncture. Materials and Methods:A nonrepeated event-related functional MRI (fMRI) design was used to investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of acupuncture effects induced by needling an acupoint ST36 (ACU) and a nonmeridian point (SHAM). The standard general linear model was used to detect the immediate neural responses of acupuncture. Graph theory analysis was used to characterize the functional integrated network of the acupuncture delayed effect.Results: Acupuncture induced significant signal changes in the limbic/paralimbic areas, neocortical regions, brainstem, and cerebellum for immediate effect both in ACU and SHAM. Some of these brain regions showed strong functional connectivity for a delayed effect in ACU. Conjunction analysis showed that the insula played a critical role during the overall process of ACU. No overlapping brain regions were found in SHAM. Conclusion:The findings of this study suggested that the delayed effects may reflect a more significant characteristic underlying acupuncture. Given that the insula as a relay station switched between the immediate and delayed response, it suggested that divergent functional connectivity patterns may mediate the acupuncture-related effects for ACU and SHAM.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Divergent neural processes specific to the acute and sustained phases of verum and SHAM acupuncture

Liu

Qin

Guo

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In these studies, researchers tried to create anger by self-generated memories (e.g., Damasio et al, 2000;Dougherty et al, 1999) or via the presentation of angry faces (e.g., Blair, Morris, Frith, Perrett, & Dolan, 1999). These studies have generally produced evidence consistent with a link from anger to greater left anterior activation.…”

Section: Hemispheric Activation Affect and Motivational Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have generally produced evidence consistent with a link from anger to greater left anterior activation. For instance, Damasio et al (2000) observed left lateralization during anger imagery in the anterior cingulate. Drexler et al (2000) replicated this finding and also observed that anger caused greater activation of the left medial frontal gyrus and left cuneus.…”

Section: Hemispheric Activation Affect and Motivational Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Carver¹,

Harmon‐Jones²

2009

Psychological Bulletin

1,404

1,165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The authors review a range of evidence concerning the motivational underpinnings of anger as an affect, with particular reference to the relationship between anger and anxiety or fear. The evidence supports the view that anger relates to an appetitive or approach motivational system, whereas anxiety relates to an aversive or avoidance motivational system. This evidence appears to have 2 implications. One implication concerns the nature of anterior cortical asymmetry effects. The evidence suggests that such asymmetry reflects direction of motivational engagement (approach vs. withdrawal) rather than affective valence. The other implication concerns the idea that affects form a purely positive dimension and a purely negative dimension, which reflect the operation of appetitive and aversive motivational systems, respectively. The evidence reviewed does not support that view. The evidence is, however, consistent with a discrete-emotions view (which does not rely on dimensionality) and with an alternative dimensional approach.Keywords: anger, approach, appetitive system, avoidance, threat system Recent years have seen a surge of interest in emotional experience (e.g., Barrett, Niedenthal, & Winkielman, 2005;Dalgleish & Power, 1999;Davidson, Scherer, & Goldsmith, 2003;Frijda, 2007; Lane & Nadel, 2000;Lewis & Haviland-Jones, 2000;Ortony, Clore, & Collins, 1988;Panksepp, 1998; Rottenberg & Johnson, 2007; Scherer, Schorr, & Johnstone, 2001). Views of emotion vary considerably, in several respects. As one example, some people view emotions as a set of distinct modular entities, often considered basic emotions (e.g., Ekman, 1992;Izard, 1991;Izard & Ackerman, 2000;Levenson, 1994Levenson, , 1999Panksepp, 1998;Roseman, 1991). Others hold that affects are best understood by reference to underlying dimensions (e.g., Barrett, 2006;Cacioppo, Gardner, & Berntson, 1999;Carver & Scheier, 1998;Davidson, 1998;Gray, 1994a;Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 1992Russell, 2003;Russell & Carroll, 1999a, 1999bWatson, Wiese, Vaidya, & Tellegen, 1999;Yik, Russell, & Barrett, 1999). AngerThis article focuses on one specific affect-anger. Specifically, it addresses the relationship of this affect to broad motivational tendencies of approach and avoidance, and it considers implications of that relationship for two areas of thought and research. We begin with a few words about definitions.Sometimes the terms affect, feeling, and emotion are treated as interchangeable (e.g., Isen, 2000); sometimes they are distinguished from each other (e.g., Fredrickson, 2001;. Affect is generally used to imply a hedonic experience, a sense of valence, a subjective sense of positivity or negativity arising from an event. When many use the word emotion, it is with that sense in mind. As Frijda (2000) put it, "For many theorists, the essence of emotion is feeling, and notably 'affect,' here used in the sense of a feeling of pleasure or pain . . . ." (p. 63). As Ortony et al. (1988) put it, emotions are ". . valenced reactions to events, agents, or objects . ." (p. 13). T...

show abstract

“…This region is preferentially engaged in the recall and the self-generation of affect and would monitor the ongoing internal emotional state of the organism. 61 Thus, similar to the VMPFC, an increase of the insular activity in anhedonic individuals in the context of positive information processing could reflect an altered perception or possibly alterations in the body map constructed by the insula, which has been hypothesized by Damasio (2000) 61 to contribute to emotional experiences. Likewise, the significant positive correlation between trait anhedonia severity and activation in the superior and middle temporal gyri is consistent with the temporal lobe hypothesis of dissociation.…”

Section: Functional Correlates Of Trait Anhedoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anhedonia, the reduced capacity to gain pleasure from pleasurable experiences, is a key symptom of major depression and schizophrenia. Reduced hedonic capacity can also be measured as an enduring trait in non-clinical subjects. Such altered hedonic capacity is likely the result of a basic neuropsychophysiological dysfunction and a vulnerability marker that potentially precedes and contributes to the liability of developing psychiatric disorders. The characterization of the structural and functional neural correlates of trait anhedonia in nonclinical individuals may provide new insights for the early detection of such psychiatric diseases. Twenty-nine non-clinical subjects were scanned at the Montreal Neurological Institute. Trait anhedonia was measured using the Chapman Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale. Semi-automated and automated structural MRI segmentation techniques were used to explore structural correlates of trait anhedonia. Seventeen of the 29 subjects also underwent a functional imaging task where responses to the viewing of affective stimuli were examined to identify the functional correlates of trait anhedonia. Trait anhedonia was inversely related to anterior caudate volume, but positively related to ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity during the processing of positive information. These findings may reflect a specific kind of vulnerability for the development of psychiatric affective disorders and suggest that trait anhedonia may be linked to a volumetric reduction in the basal ganglia and to a prefrontal functional abnormality during hedonic processing.

show abstract

Subcortical and cortical brain activity during the feeling of self-generated emotions

Cited by 1,876 publications

References 40 publications

Divergent neural processes specific to the acute and sustained phases of verum and SHAM acupuncture

Divergent neural processes specific to the acute and sustained phases of verum and SHAM acupuncture

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Individual differences in trait anhedonia: a structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging study in non-clinical subjects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About