Subcortical and cortical responses following infraorbital nerve stimulation in man

Leandri, Massimo; Parodi, Carlo Italo; Zattoni, J; Favale, E

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(87)90074-5

Cited by 52 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…I is similar to that found for a broad range of techniques (13)(14)(15). Given this similarity, TEPs of the present study reflect the initial sensory and cortical responses to stimulation at the lip of the trigeminal nerve, since they produce patterns like those recorded with invasive or otherwise painful stimulation procedures that more directly stimulate the trigeminal nerve (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Some sex differences were observed but these tended to be small, a typical finding for several sensory evoked responses (I7).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Unfortunately, most studies have involved painful stimulation of the teeth or gums (2)(3)(4)(5) or procedures involving insertion of surgical needles into the face (6)(7)(8)(9). Although some success with these methods has been reported, the data have not been consistent (10)(11)(12). Less painful and non-invasive methods to elicit TEPs with somatosensory stimuli have been tried, which employ mild electrical or air puff stimulation to the lips or face, thereby reducing the discomfort experienced by the subject.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Invasive Trigeminal Evoked Potentials: Normative Aging Data

Polich¹,

Aung

et al. 1995

Cephalalgia

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A mild electric shock applied to the lower lip was used to elicit reliable evoked potentials from the trigeminal nerve in 50 normal adults who ranged in age from 20 to 69 years. The waveforms were morphologically similar to those observed with invasive procedures. No substantial effects for subject age, side of stimulation, or recording electrode were obtained for any of the individual trigeminal evoked potential amplitudes or latencies. Female subjects tended to have somewhat larger amplitudes and shorter latencies than male subjects. The results suggest that non-invasive procedures produce reliable evoked potential measures of trigeminal nerve function for patients of all ages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Trigeminal Evoked Potentials: Normative Aging Data

Polich¹,

Aung

et al. 1995

Cephalalgia

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“…An N10 (amplitude of < I pV) was then recorded on the scalp contralateral to the stimulus. Leandri et al (1987) believed that the origins of these waves were trigeminal nucleus, trigeminal lemniscus, thalamus, thalamic radiation, and cortical projection area. Later potentials were shown to have a myogenic and not a neurogenic origin.…”

Section: Previous Studies In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiologic Studies of Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Humans: II. Evoked Potentials

Hammond

Uthman

Reid³

et al. 1992

Epilepsia

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Evidence from studies of experimental animals indicates that electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve not only can alter the EEG but evokes activity in specific brain areas. We report effects of electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in 9 patients with medically intractable seizures as part of a clinical trial of chronic vagal stimulation for control of epilepsy. The left vagus nerve in the neck was stimulated with a programmable implanted stimulator. Effects of stimulus amplitude, duration, and rate were studied. Noncephalic reference recording of the vagus nerve evoked potential showed some unusual properties: a scalp negative component occurred with a latency of 12 ms, very high amplitude (< or = 60 microV), and widespread scalp distribution. Field distribution studies indicated that this potential was myogenic in origin and generated in the region of the stimulating electrodes in the neck area. Chemically induced muscle paralysis confirmed this observation. Bipolar scalp recording showed several small-amplitude topographically distinct potentials occurring in 30 ms. No effect, either acute or chronic, could be detected on pattern-reversal evoked potentials, auditory brainstem evoked potentials, auditory 40-Hz potentials, or cognitive evoked potentials.

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“…Although some authors used trigeminal somatosensory-evoked potentials to study IAN injuries after surgical procedures, the reliability of these signals has been questioned because, rather than reflecting genuine brain activity, probably they result from volume-conducted muscle signals, as they disappear in the curarized subject [10, 11]. Consistently, the IFCN recently recommended to investigate the trigeminal function with reflex rather than evoked potential studies [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iatrogenic damage to the mandibular nerves as assessed by the masseter inhibitory reflex

et al. 2011

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Iatrogenic injury of the inferior alveolar or lingual nerves frequently leads to legal actions for damage and compensation for personal suffering. The masseter inhibitory reflex (MIR) is the most used neurophysiological tool for the functional assessment of the trigeminal mandibular division. Aiming at measuring the MIR sensitivity and specificity, we recorded this reflex after mental and tongue stimulations in a controlled, blinded study in 160 consecutive patients with sensory disturbances following dental procedures. The MIR latency was longer on the affected than the contralateral side (P < 0.0001). The overall specificity and sensitivity were 99 and 51%. Our findings indicate that MIR testing, showing an almost absolute specificity, reliably demonstrates nerve damage beyond doubt, whereas the relatively low sensitivity makes the finding of a normal MIR by no means sufficient to exclude nerve damage. Probably, the dysfunction of a small number of nerve fibres, insufficient to produce a MIR abnormality, may still engender important sensory disturbances. We propose that MIR testing, when used for legal purposes, be considered reliable in one direction only, i.e. abnormality does prove nerve damage, normality does not disprove it.

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Subcortical and cortical responses following infraorbital nerve stimulation in man

Cited by 52 publications

References 11 publications

Non-Invasive Trigeminal Evoked Potentials: Normative Aging Data

Non-Invasive Trigeminal Evoked Potentials: Normative Aging Data

Electrophysiologic Studies of Cervical Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Humans: II. Evoked Potentials

Iatrogenic damage to the mandibular nerves as assessed by the masseter inhibitory reflex

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