SUBCUTANEOUS PHEOHYPHOMYCOSIS CAUSED BY Phoma cava: REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Zaitz, Clarisse; Heins‐Vaccari, Elisabeth Maria; Freitas, Roseli Santos de; Arriagada, Giovana L. Hernández; Ruiz, Ligia Rangel B.; Totoli, Silvia A.S.; Marques, Ana Cristina; Rezze, Gisele Gargantini; Müller, Helena; Valente, Nicole Cihlar; Lacaz, Carlos da Silva

doi:10.1590/s0036-46651997000100009

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Interestingly, Phoma only accounted for 2.8% of the fungi in oral rinse samples from healthy subjects 21 ; however, this species was first observed as the predominant genus in intestinal biopsy samples of subjects with adenomas. As an opportunistic fungal pathogen, it has been reported that Phoma can cause lung mass 36 and subcutaneous mycosis 37 38 and therefore may also be involved in the formation of adenomas. In addition, Candida species, another opportunistic fungal pathogen 22 39 that rarely colonizes the gastrointestinal tracts of healthy subjects 40 , were also discovered in our study at a relatively high abundance (2.8%) in all biopsy samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis of Fungal Microbiota in the Intestinal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Adenomas

Luan

Xie

Yang

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

158

127

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The fungal microbiota is an important component of the human gut microbiome and may be linked to gastrointestinal disease. In this study, the fungal microbiota of biopsy samples from adenomas and adjacent tissues was characterized by deep sequencing. Ascomycota, Glomeromycota and Basidiomycota were identified as the dominant phyla in both adenomas and adjacent tissues from all subjects. Among the 60 genera identified, the opportunist pathogens Phoma and Candida represented an average of 45% of the fungal microbiota. When analyzed at the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) level, however, a decreased diversity in adenomas was observed, and three OTUs differed significantly from the adjacent tissues. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the core OTUs formed separate clusters for advanced and non-advanced adenomas for which the abundance of four OTUs differed significantly. Moreover, the size of adenomas and the disease stage were closely related to changes in the fungal microbiota in subjects with adenomas. This study characterized the fungal microbiota profile of subjects with adenomas and identified potential diagnostic biomarkers closely related to different stages of adenomas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis of Fungal Microbiota in the Intestinal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Adenomas

Luan

Xie

Yang

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

158

127

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“…Phaeohyphomycosis caused by Phoma has been sporadically described in the literature. Most reported cases are subcutaneous and ocular infections . Systemic infection with Phoma spp.…”

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often the aetiological agent is not identified to the species level. The risk factors or underlying diseases associated with Phoma infections may include diabetes mellitus, corticosteroid therapy and cancer chemotherapy .…”

Section: Black Fungal Species With Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi

Chowdhary

Meis

Guarro

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

298

253

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The aetiological agents of many invasive fungal infections are saprobes and opportunistic pathogens. Some of these fungi are darkly pigmented due to melanin production and traditionally have been named 'dematiaceous'. The melanized fungi cause a wide array of clinical syndromes ranging from superficial to deep-seated infections. Diagnosis relies on histopathological examination of clinical specimens and on examination of cultures. Sequencing is recommended for accurate species identification, especially for unusual or newly described pathogens. In cases of mycetoma and chromoblastomycosis, pathognomonic histological findings are useful and the Fontana-Masson stain, specific for melanin, usually confirms the diagnosis. There are no standardized therapies but voriconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole demonstrate the most consistent in vitro activity against this group of fungi. Oral itraconazole has been considered the drug of choice, given the extensive clinical experience with this drug. However, voriconazole may presumably be superior for central nervous system infections because of its ability to achieve good levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Posaconazole is a well-tolerated alternative drug, backed by less clinical experience but with excellent salvage treatment results after failure of other antifungals. Amphotericin B has been useful as alternative therapy in some cases. Combination antifungal therapy is recommended for cerebral abscesses when surgery is not possible and for disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients.

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“…Of these cases, the age range is from one month old to 77 years old with a total of three pediatric cases (9.4%) [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Most of the cases were skin injuries ranging from superficial to deep trauma and comprising 22/32 subjects (69%) [ 10 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. Five infections (16%) were eye related, due to either trauma or contact lens wear [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Phoma Infections: Classification, Potential Food Sources, and Their Clinical Impact

2018

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Phoma species are phytopathogens that are widely distributed in the environment, most commonly found in aquatic systems and soil. Phoma spp. have the potential to be pathogenic in plants, animals and humans; the latter is a rare occurrence. However, as our immunocompromised population increases, so do the reports of these infections. Medical advances have allowed for the increase in solid organ transplantation; chemotherapies to treat malignancies; and the use of other immunosuppressive agents, which have resulted in a greater population at risk when exposed to diverse fungi including Phoma spp. These fungi have been isolated from water sources, food, and crops; thus acting as opportunistic pathogens when the right host is exposed. Phoma spp. contaminates common food sources such as potatoes and maize, a common species isolated being Phoma sorghina. Though there is potential for causing infection via consumption of contaminated foods, there is insufficient data detailing what levels of organism can lead to an infection, and a regulated process for detecting the organism. The spectrum of disease is wide, depending on the host, ranging from cutaneous infections to invasive diseases. Mortality, however, remains low.

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SUBCUTANEOUS PHEOHYPHOMYCOSIS CAUSED BY Phoma cava: REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Dysbiosis of Fungal Microbiota in the Intestinal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Adenomas

Dysbiosis of Fungal Microbiota in the Intestinal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Adenomas

ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of systemic phaeohyphomycosis: diseases caused by black fungi

Phoma Infections: Classification, Potential Food Sources, and Their Clinical Impact

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